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Bhore, T. orcid.org/0000-0002-9304-7144, Desaules, J.-Y. orcid.org/0000-0002-3749-6375 and Papić, Z. orcid.org/0000-0002-8451-2235 (2023) Deep thermalization in constrained quantum systems. Physical Review B, 108 (10). 104317. ISSN 2469-9950
Abstract
The concept of “deep thermalization” has recently been introduced to characterize moments of an ensemble of pure states, resulting from projective measurements on a subsystem, which lie beyond the purview of conventional eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH). In this paper, we study deep thermalization in systems with kinetic constraints, such as the quantum East and the PXP models, which have been known to weakly break ETH by slow dynamics and high sensitivity to the initial conditions. We demonstrate a sharp contrast in deep thermalization between the first and higher moments in these models by studying quench dynamics from initial product states in the computational basis: While the first moment shows good agreement with ETH, higher moments deviate from the uniform Haar ensemble at infinite temperature. We show that such behavior is caused by an interplay of time-reversal symmetry and an operator that anticommutes with the Hamiltonian. We formulate sufficient conditions for violating deep thermalization, even for systems that are otherwise “thermal” in the ETH sense. By appropriately breaking these properties, we illustrate how the PXP model fully deep thermalizes for all initial product states in the thermodynamic limit. Our results highlight the sensitivity of deep thermalization as a probe of physics beyond ETH in kinetically-constrained systems.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | This item is protected by copyright. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Engineering & Physical Sciences (Leeds) > School of Physics and Astronomy (Leeds) The University of Leeds > Faculty of Engineering & Physical Sciences (Leeds) > School of Physics and Astronomy (Leeds) > Theoretical Physics (Leeds) |
Funding Information: | Funder Grant number Leverhulme Trust RL-2019-015 |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 17 Nov 2023 09:30 |
Last Modified: | 22 Jul 2024 12:37 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | American Physical Society |
Identification Number: | 10.1103/physrevb.108.104317 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:205471 |
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Deep thermalization in constrained quantum systems. (deposited 22 Jul 2024 12:36)
- Deep thermalization in constrained quantum systems. (deposited 17 Nov 2023 09:30) [Currently Displayed]