Zhou, Xingchen, Jenkins, Rob orcid.org/0000-0003-4793-0435 and Zhu, Lei (2023) An Honest Joker reveals stereotypical beliefs about the face of deception. Scientific reports. 16649. ISSN 2045-2322
Abstract
Research on deception detection has mainly focused on Simple Deception, in which false information is presented as true. Relatively few studies have examined Sophisticated Deception, in which true information is presented as false. Because Sophisticated Deception incentivizes the appearance of dishonesty, it provides a window onto stereotypical beliefs about cues to deception. Here, we adapted the popular Joker Game to elicit spontaneous facial expressions under Simple Deception, Sophisticated Deception, and Plain Truth conditions, comparing facial behaviors in static, dynamic nonspeaking, and dynamic speaking presentations. Facial behaviors were analysed via machine learning using the Facial Action Coding System. Facial activations were more intense and longer lasting in the Sophisticated Deception condition than in the Simple Deception and Plain Truth conditions. More facial action units intensified in the static condition than in the dynamic speaking condition. Simple Deception involved leaked facial behaviors of which deceivers were unaware. In contrast, Sophisticated Deception involved deliberately leaked facial cues, including stereotypical cues to lying (e.g., gaze aversion). These stereotypes were inaccurate in the sense that they diverged from cues in the Simple Deception condition—the actual appearance of deception in this task. Our findings show that different modes of deception can be distinguished via facial action analysis. They also show that stereotypical beliefs concerning cues to deception can inform behavior. To facilitate future research on these topics, the multimodal stimuli developed in this study are available free for scientific use.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | Funding Information: This research was supported by National Key R&D Program of China (2022ZD0116403), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2022M720819), the research fund of the School of Social Development and Public Policy at Fudan University and the Humanities and Social Sciences Youth Integration Innovation Team of Fudan University. Publisher Copyright: © 2023, Springer Nature Limited. |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of York |
Academic Units: | The University of York > Faculty of Sciences (York) > Psychology (York) |
Depositing User: | Pure (York) |
Date Deposited: | 25 Oct 2023 11:20 |
Last Modified: | 16 Oct 2024 19:33 |
Published Version: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-43716-4 |
Status: | Published |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1038/s41598-023-43716-4 |
Related URLs: | |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:204607 |