Insights into volcanic hazards and plume chemistry from multi-parameter observations: the eruptions of Fimmvörðuháls and Eyjafjallajökull (2010) and Holuhraun (2014–2015)

Abstract

The eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull volcano in 2010 (including its initial effusive phase at Fimmvörðuháls and its later explosive phase from the central volcano) and Bárðarbunga volcano in 2014–2015 (at Holuhraun) were widely reported. Here, we report on complementary, interdisciplinary observations made of the eruptive gases and lavas that shed light on the processes and atmospheric impacts of the eruptions, and afford an intercomparison of contrasting eruptive styles and hazards. We find that (i) consistent with other authors, there are substantial differences in the gas composition between the eruptions; namely that the deeper stored Eyjafjallajökull magmas led to greater enrichment in Cl relative to S; (ii) lava field SO2 degassing was measured to be 5–20% of the total emissions during Holuhraun, and the lava emissions were enriched in Cl at both fissure eruptions—particularly Fimmvörðuháls; and (iii) BrO is produced in Icelandic plumes in spite of the low UV levels.

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Item Type:	Article
Authors/Creators:	Donovan, A. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3596-5294 Pfeffer, M. Barnie, T. Sawyer, G. Roberts, T. Bergsson, B. Ilyinskaya, E. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3663-9506 Peters, N. Buisman, I. Snorrason, A. Tsanev, V. Oppenheimer, C.
Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information:	© The Author(s) 2023.This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Com�mons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
Keywords:	Volcanic gas hazard, Volcanic gas monitoring, Iceland, Multi-parameter monitoring, Volcanic plumes
Dates:	Published: October 2023 Published (online): 19 August 2023 Accepted: 19 July 2023
Institution:	The University of Leeds
Academic Units:	The University of Leeds > Faculty of Environment (Leeds) > School of Earth and Environment (Leeds) > Inst of Geophysics and Tectonics (IGT) (Leeds)
Funding Information:	Funder Grant number NERC (Natural Environment Research Council) NE/M021130/1
Depositing User:	Symplectic Publications
Date Deposited:	27 Sep 2023 08:49
Last Modified:	27 Sep 2023 08:49
Published Version:	https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11069-0...
Status:	Published
Publisher:	Springer
Identification Number:	10.1007/s11069-023-06114-7
Related URLs:	PubMed URL
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID):	oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:203689

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Insights into volcanic hazards and plume chemistry from multi-parameter observations: the eruptions of Fimmvörðuháls and Eyjafjallajökull (2010) and Holuhraun (2014–2015)

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