Di Gaspare, A., Balci, O. orcid.org/0000-0003-2766-2197, Zhang, J. et al. (7 more authors) (2023) Electrically Tunable Nonlinearity at 3.2 Terahertz in Single-Layer Graphene. ACS Photonics. ISSN 2330-4022
Abstract
Graphene is a nonlinear material in the terahertz (THz) frequency range, with χ(3) ∼ 10–9 m2/V2 ∼ 15 orders of magnitude higher than that of other materials used in the THz range, such as GaAs or lithium niobate. This nonlinear behavior, combined with ultrafast dynamic for excited carriers, proved to be essential for third harmonic generation in the sub-THz and low (<2.5 THz) THz range, using moderate (60 kV/cm) fields and at room temperature. Here, we show that, for monochromatic high peak power (1.8 W) input THz signals, emitted by a quantum cascade laser, the nonlinearity can be controlled using an ionic liquid gate that tunes the graphene Fermi energy up to >1.2 eV. Pump and probe experiments reveal an intense absorption nonlinearity at 3.2 THz, with a dominant 3rd-order contribution at EF > 0.7 eV, hence opening intriguing perspectives per engineering novel architectures for light generation at frequencies > 9 THz.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2022 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society. This publication is licensed under CC-BY 4.0. |
Keywords: | graphene; terahertz; nonlinearity; ionic liquid gate modulator |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Engineering & Physical Sciences (Leeds) > School of Electronic & Electrical Engineering (Leeds) > Pollard Institute (Leeds) The University of Leeds > Faculty of Engineering & Physical Sciences (Leeds) The University of Leeds > Faculty of Medicine and Health (Leeds) > School of Medicine (Leeds) > Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM) > Specialist Science Education Dept (Leeds) |
Funding Information: | Funder Grant number EPSRC (Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council) EP/P021859/1 |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 15 Sep 2023 14:13 |
Last Modified: | 15 Sep 2023 14:13 |
Status: | Published online |
Publisher: | American Chemical Society (ACS) |
Identification Number: | 10.1021/acsphotonics.3c00543 |
Related URLs: | |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:203381 |