Enhanced delivery and detection of terahertz frequency radiation from a quantum cascade laser within dilution refrigerator

Abstract

We report on significant enhancements to the integration of terahertz (THz) quantum cascade lasers (QCL) and THz detection with a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) within a dilution refrigerator obtained by the inclusion of a multi-mesh 6 THz low-pass filter to block IR radiation, a Winston cone to focus light output, and gating the 2DEG for optimised sensitivity. We show that these improvements allow us to obtain a > 2.5 times reduced sample electron temperature (160 mK compared with 430 mK previously), during cyclotron resonance (CR) measurements of a 2DEG under QCL illumination. This opens up a route to performing sub-100 mK experiments using excitation by THz QCLs.

Metadata

Item Type:	Article
Authors/Creators:	Vaughan, M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8336-2183 Michailow, W. Tan, M. Salih, M. Li, L. Beere, H. Ritchie, D.A. Linfield, E.H. Davies, A.G. Cunningham, J.E.
Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information:	© The Author(s) 2023. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
Keywords:	Condensed matter; Terahertz; Quantum cascade laser; 2-Dimensional electron gas; milli-Kelvin; Waveguide
Dates:	Published: December 2023 Published (online): 5 October 2023 Accepted: 10 September 2023
Institution:	The University of Leeds
Academic Units:	The University of Leeds > Faculty of Engineering & Physical Sciences (Leeds) > School of Electronic & Electrical Engineering (Leeds) > Pollard Institute (Leeds)
Funding Information:	Funder Grant number EPSRC (Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council) EP/P021859/1 EPSRC (Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council) EP/W028921/1 EPSRC (Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council) EP/V004743/1
Depositing User:	Symplectic Publications
Date Deposited:	06 Oct 2023 13:41
Last Modified:	22 Jan 2025 10:20
Status:	Published
Publisher:	Springer
Identification Number:	10.1007/s10909-023-03001-0
Related URLs:	Dataset
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID):	oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:203255