Grist, J.T. orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-4031, Chen, M. orcid.org/0000-0002-3779-5615, Collier, G.J. orcid.org/0000-0002-1874-4775 et al. (8 more authors) (2021) Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI abnormalities in dyspneic patients 3 months after COVID-19 pneumonia: preliminary results. Radiology, 301 (1). E353-E360. ISSN 0033-8419
Abstract
Background: SARS-CoV-2 targets angiotensin-converting enzyme 2-expressing cells in the respiratory tract. There are reports of breathlessness in patients many months after infection. Purpose: To determine whether hyperpolarized xenon 129 MRI (XeMRI) imaging could be used to identify the possible cause of breathlessness in patients at 3 months after hospital discharge following COVID-19 infection. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was undertaken between August and December of 2020, with patients and healthy control volunteers being enrolled. All patients underwent lung function tests; ventilation and dissolved-phase XeMRI, with the mean red blood cell (RBC) to tissue or plasma (TP) ratio being calculated; and a low-dose chest CT, with scans being scored for the degree of abnormalities after COVID-19. Healthy control volunteers underwent XeMRI. The intraclass correlation coefficient was calculated for volunteer and patient scans to assess repeatability. A Wilcoxon rank sum test and Cohen effect size calculation were performed to assess differences in the RBC/TP ratio between patients and control volunteers. Results: Nine patients (mean age, 57 years ± 7 [standard deviation]; six male patients) and five volunteers (mean age, 29 years ± 3; five female volunteers) were enrolled. The mean time from hospital discharge for patients was 169 days (range, 116-254 days). There was a difference in the RBC/TP ratio between patients and control volunteers (0.3 ± 0.1 vs 0.5 ± 0.1, respectively; P =.001; effect size, 1.36). There was significant difference between the RBC and gas phase spectral full width at half maximum between volunteers and patients (median ± range, 567 ± 1 vs 507 ± 81 [P =.002] and 104 ± 2 vs 122 ± 17 [P =.004], respectively). Results were reproducible, with intraclass correlation coefficients of 0.82 and 0.88 being demonstrated for patients and volunteers, respectively. Participants had normal or nearly normal CT scans (mean, seven of 25; range, zero of 25 to 10 of 25). Conclusion: Hyperpolarized xenon 129 MRI results showed alveolar capillary diffusion limitation in all nine patients after COVID-19 pneumonia, despite normal or nearly normal results at CT.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2021 RSNA. This is an author-produced version of a paper subsequently published in Radiology. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy. |
Keywords: | Adult; Aged; COVID-19; Dyspnea; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Lung; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; SARS-CoV-2; Xenon Isotopes |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Sheffield |
Academic Units: | The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health (Sheffield) > The Medical School (Sheffield) The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health (Sheffield) > School of Medicine and Population Health |
Funding Information: | Funder Grant number MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL MR/M008894/1 |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Sheffield |
Date Deposited: | 31 Aug 2023 08:41 |
Last Modified: | 31 Aug 2023 08:41 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1148/radiol.2021210033 |
Related URLs: | |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:202791 |