Qiu, L., Yamazaki, Y., Yu, T. et al. (9 more authors) (Cover date: August 2023) Numerical simulations of metallic ion density perturbations in sporadic E layers caused by gravity waves. Earth and Space Science, 10 (8). e2023EA003030. ISSN 2333-5084
Abstract
Tidal signatures in sporadic E (Es) layer have been confirmed by observations and simulations. However, the effect of gravity waves (GWs) on the Es layer formation process has not yet been fully understood. In this paper, the modulation of Es layers by GWs is examined through numerical simulations, in which a physics-based model of Es layer is forced by neutral winds from the High Altitude Mechanistic General Circulation Model that can resolve GWs with horizontal wavelengths longer than 156 km (λh > 156 km). Comparison of the simulation results with and without the GWs (1,350 km > λh > 156 km) forcing reveals that the inclusion of GWs leads to short-period (1.2–3 hr) density perturbations in Es layers, which are also seen in ground-based ionosonde observations. At a given time, the metallic ion density at altitudes between 120 and 150 km can either increase (by up to ∼+600%) or reduce (by up to −90%) in response to GW forcing. The relative density perturbations are smaller (by up to 60%) between 90 and 120 km altitude. It is also found that the GW effect on the metallic ion density relates to the longitude, which is mostly explained by the geographical distribution of GWs activity in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere region. The longitudinal variation of the background geomagnetic field plays only a secondary role.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2023 The Authors. Earth and Space Science published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Geophysical Union.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Engineering & Physical Sciences (Leeds) > School of Chemistry (Leeds) > Physical Chemistry (Leeds) |
Funding Information: | Funder Grant number Air Force Research Lab Munitions Directorate FA8655-21-1-7031 |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 04 Sep 2023 13:31 |
Last Modified: | 04 Sep 2023 13:31 |
Published Version: | https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/1... |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Wiley |
Identification Number: | 10.1029/2023EA003030 |
Related URLs: | |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:202256 |