Hopkins, M orcid.org/0000-0002-7655-0215 and Blundell, JE orcid.org/0000-0002-7085-9596 (2023) The importance of fat-free mass and constituent tissue-organs in the control of human appetite. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care. 10.1097. ISSN 1363-1950
Abstract
Purpose of review Traditional models of human appetite focus on the contribution of adipose tissue and the gastrointestinal tract, both of which exert mainly inhibitory influences. The purpose of this review is to consider the biological factors that influence the drive to eat.
Recent findings Fat-free mass is positively associated with objectively measured meal size and daily energy intake. These findings have been replicated in multiple populations across the life-course in laboratory and free-living studies. Studies have shown that the effect of fat-free mass is statistically mediated by resting metabolic rate, suggesting that energy expenditure per se may influence energy intake. A recent MRI study has reported that fasting hunger was associated with high metabolic rate organ (heart, liver, brain, kidneys) and skeletal muscle mass. Integrating measures of body composition at the tissue-organ level and markers of their metabolic function with appetitive measures could provide novel insight into the mechanisms that influence appetite.
Summary These recent findings suggest that fat-free mass and resting metabolic rate are determinants of energy intake. Consideration of fat-free mass and energy expenditure as physiological sources of appetitive signals helps reconcile the mechanisms underpinning the inhibition of eating with those that drive eating.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. This is an author produced version of an article published in Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy. |
Keywords: | appetite; energy intake; fat-free mass; resting metabolic rate |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Environment (Leeds) > School of Food Science and Nutrition (Leeds) > FSN Nutrition and Public Health (Leeds) The University of Leeds > Faculty of Medicine and Health (Leeds) > School of Psychology (Leeds) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 20 Jun 2023 11:01 |
Last Modified: | 06 Jul 2024 00:13 |
Status: | Published online |
Publisher: | Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins |
Identification Number: | 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000965 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:200554 |