McGregor, J. orcid.org/0000-0001-6813-306X (2023) Experimental and kinetic studies of the advantages of coke accumulation over Beta and Mordenite catalysts according to the pore mouth catalysis hypothesis. Catalysis Communications, 181. 106718. ISSN 1566-7367
Abstract
Coke formation inside heterogeneous reactors is an important industrial problem that leads to reduced catalyst efficiency. However, this study aims to prove the benefits of coke build-up in improving catalyst performance. The formation and decomposition of coke on six different zeolite structures was studied. The dissociation kinetic model of the spent catalysts during the toluene alkylation with 1-heptene inside a stainless-steel autoclave reactor at different temperatures was carried out. Various techniques (XRD, XRF, TPO, CHNS and TGA-DTG) were used. It was found that the conversion and selectivity of the desired product were higher on the parent H-mordenite and the dealuminated H-beta catalysts with conversions of 85.3% and 84.67%, respectively, at a 360 min reaction time. This was attributed to the reduction of the ratio of hard:soft coke. It is confirmed that the decomposition activation energies of hard coke, 140.1–202.6 kJ/mol, are much higher energies than those of soft coke, 89.9–118.7 kJ/mol. It is also noted that the hypothesis of pore mouth catalysis is dominated by non-polyaromatic coke on the surface of the H-beta catalysts, while the hypothesis is dominated by polyaromatic coke on the surface of the H-mordenite catalysts.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2023 Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Keywords: | Toluene alkylation; H-beta zeolite; H-mordenite zeolite; Dealuminated and desilication zeolites; Pore mouth catalysis; Coke kinetic decomposition |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Sheffield |
Academic Units: | The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Engineering (Sheffield) > Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering (Sheffield) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Sheffield |
Date Deposited: | 19 Jun 2023 09:24 |
Last Modified: | 06 Jul 2023 11:17 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Elsevier |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1016/j.catcom.2023.106718 |
Related URLs: | |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:200525 |