Ectopic callose deposition into woody biomass modulates the nano2 architecture of macrofibrils

Abstract

Plant biomass plays an increasingly important role in the circular bioeconomy, replacing non-renewable fossil resources. Genetic engineering of this lignocellulosic biomass could benefit biorefinery transformation chains by lowering economic and technological barriers to industrial processing. However, previous efforts have mostly targeted the major constituents of woody biomass: cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Here we report the engineering of wood structure through the introduction of callose, a polysaccharide novel to most secondary cell walls. Our multiscale analysis of genetically engineered poplar trees shows that callose deposition modulates cell wall porosity, water and lignin contents and increases the lignin–cellulose distance, ultimately resulting in substantially decreased biomass recalcitrance. We provide a model of the wood cell wall nano-architecture engineered to accommodate the hydrated callose inclusions. Ectopic polymer introduction into biomass manifests in new physico-chemical properties and offers new avenues when considering lignocellulose engineering.

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Item Type:	Article
Authors/Creators:	Bourdon, M Lyczakowski, JJ Cresswell, R Amsbury, S Vilaplana, F Le Guen, M-J Follain, N Wightman, R Su, C Alatorre-Cobos, F Ritter, M Liszka, A Terrett, OM Yadav, SR Vatén, A Nieminen, K Eswaran, G Alonso-Serra, J Müller, KH Iuga, D Miskolczi, PC Kalmbach, L Otero, S Mähönen, AP Bhalerao, R Bulone, V Mansfield, SD Hill, S Burgert, I Beaugrand, J Benitez-Alfonso, Y https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9779-0413 Dupree, R Dupree, P Helariutta, Y
Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information:	© The Author(s) 2023. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
Dates:	Published: 4 September 2023 Published (online): 4 September 2023 Accepted: 14 June 2023
Institution:	The University of Leeds
Academic Units:	The University of Leeds > Faculty of Biological Sciences (Leeds) > School of Biology (Leeds)
Depositing User:	Symplectic Publications
Date Deposited:	20 Jun 2023 15:44
Last Modified:	20 Sep 2023 12:32
Published Version:	https://www.nature.com/articles/s41477-023-01459-0
Status:	Published
Publisher:	Nature Research
Identification Number:	10.1038/s41477-023-01459-0
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID):	oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:200522

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Ectopic callose deposition into woody biomass modulates the nano2 architecture of macrofibrils

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