Silva, S.S.A. orcid.org/0000-0001-5414-0197, Lennard, M. orcid.org/0000-0002-1452-2577, Verth, G. orcid.org/0000-0002-9546-2368 et al. (9 more authors) (2023) Novel approach to forecasting photospheric emergence of active regions. The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 948 (2). L24. ISSN 2041-8205
Abstract
One key aspect of understanding the solar dynamo mechanism and the evolution of solar magnetism is to properly describe the emergence of solar active regions. In this Letter, we describe the Lagrangian photospheric flows dynamics during a simulated flux emergence that produces an active region formed by pores. We analyze the lower photospheric flow organization prior, during and following the rise of an active region, uncovering the repelling and attracting photospheric structures that act as sources and sinks for magnetic element transport. Our results show that around 10 hr before the simulated emergence, considerable global changes are taking place on mesogranular scales indicated by an increase of the number of regions acting as a source to the multiple and scattered emergences of small-scale magnetic flux. At the location of active region's appearance, the converging flows become weaker and there is an arising of a diverging region 8 hr before the emergence time. Our study also indicates that the strong concentration of magnetic field affects the flow dynamics beyond the area of the actual simulated pores, leading to complex and strongly diverging flows in the neighboring regions. Our findings suggest that the Lagrangian analysis is a powerful tool to describe the changes in the photospheric flows due to magnetic flux emergence.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2023 The Authors. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Sheffield |
Academic Units: | The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Science (Sheffield) > School of Mathematics and Statistics (Sheffield) The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Engineering (Sheffield) > Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering (Sheffield) |
Funding Information: | Funder Grant number ROYAL SOCIETY IES\R1\191114 ROYAL SOCIETY IES\R2\212183 ROYAL SOCIETY IES\R1\221095 ROYAL SOCIETY IES\R3\213012 |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Sheffield |
Date Deposited: | 19 May 2023 13:46 |
Last Modified: | 19 May 2023 13:46 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | American Astronomical Society |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.3847/2041-8213/acd007 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:199343 |