The 12 Rs Framework as a Comprehensive, Unifying Construct for Principles Guiding Animal Research Ethics

Brink, CB and Lewis, DI orcid.org/0000-0003-3014-3427 (2023) The 12 Rs Framework as a Comprehensive, Unifying Construct for Principles Guiding Animal Research Ethics. Animals, 13 (7). 1128. ISSN 2076-2615

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Item Type: Article
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© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Keywords: animal research ethics; 12Rs framework; 3Rs; harm-benefit analysis; ethical principles; animal rights; animal welfare; scientific integrity; social values; responsible research
Dates:
  • Published: 1 April 2023
  • Published (online): 23 March 2023
  • Accepted: 21 March 2023
Institution: The University of Leeds
Academic Units: The University of Leeds > Faculty of Biological Sciences (Leeds) > School of Biomedical Sciences (Leeds)
Depositing User: Symplectic Publications
Date Deposited: 18 Apr 2023 09:43
Last Modified: 18 Apr 2023 09:43
Status: Published
Publisher: MDPI
Identification Number: 10.3390/ani13071128
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID):

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