Cebecioglu, B.B. orcid.org/0000-0001-5988-4718, Mo, Y.K. orcid.org/0000-0003-4096-1669, Dinh-Van, S. orcid.org/0000-0002-2734-3156 et al. (6 more authors) (2022) Sub-6 GHz channel modeling and evaluation in indoor industrial environments. IEEE Access, 10. pp. 127742-127753. ISSN 2169-3536
Abstract
This paper presents sub-6 GHz channel measurements using a directional antenna at the transmitter and a directional or omnidirectional antenna at the receiver at 4.145 GHz in sparse and dense industrial environments for a line-of-sight scenario. Furthermore, the first measured over-the-air error vector magnitude (EVM) results depending on different 5G new radio modulation and coding schemes (MCSs of16 QAM, 64 QAM and 256 QAM) are provided. From the measurement campaigns, the path loss exponents (PLE) using a directional and an omnidirectional antenna at the receiver in the sparse and the dense environment are 1.24/1.39 and 1.35/1.5, respectively. PLE results are lower than the theoretical free space PLE of 2, indicating that indoor industrial environments have rich multipaths. The measured power delay profiles show the maximum root mean square (RMS) delay spreads of 11 ns with a directional antenna and 34 ns with an omnidirectional antenna at the receiver in a sparse industrial environment. However, in a dense industrial environment the maximum RMS delay spreads are significantly increased: maximum RMS delay spreads range from 226 to 282 ns for the omnidirectional and the directional antenna configuration. EVMmeasurements show that to increase coverage and enable higher MCS modes to be used for reliable data transmission, in both industrial environments using a directional antenna at the transmitter and the receiver is required. The large-scale path loss models, multipath time dispersion characteristics and EVM results provide insight into the deployments of 5G networks operating at sub-6 GHz frequency bands in different industrial environments
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2022 The Authors. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Keywords: | 5G; channel measurement; channel modeling; channel statistics; indoor factory; industrial environment; measured EVM |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Sheffield |
Academic Units: | The University of Sheffield > University of Sheffield Research Centres and Institutes > AMRC with Boeing (Sheffield) The University of Sheffield > Advanced Manufacturing Institute (Sheffield) > AMRC with Boeing (Sheffield) |
Funding Information: | Funder Grant number DEPARTMENT FOR DIGITAL, CULTURE, MEDIA AND SPORT UNSPECIFIED THE DEPARTMENT FOR BUSINESS, ENERGY & INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY UNSPECIFIED |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Sheffield |
Date Deposited: | 29 Mar 2023 14:24 |
Last Modified: | 29 Mar 2023 14:24 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1109/access.2022.3227052 |
Related URLs: | |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:197794 |
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