Open-circuit and short-circuit loss management in wide-gap perovskite p-i-n solar cells

Abstract

In this work, we couple theoretical and experimental approaches to understand and reduce the losses of wide bandgap Br-rich perovskite pin devices at open-circuit voltage (VOC) and short-circuit current (JSC) conditions. A mismatch between the internal quasi-Fermi level splitting (QFLS) and the external VOC is detrimental for these devices. We demonstrate that modifying the perovskite top-surface with guanidinium-Br and imidazolium-Br forms a low-dimensional perovskite phase at the n-interface, suppressing the QFLS-VOC mismatch, and boosting the VOC. Concurrently, the use of an ionic interlayer or a self-assembled monolayer at the p-interface reduces the inferred field screening induced by mobile ions at JSC, promoting charge extraction and raising the JSC. The combination of the n- and p-type optimizations allows us to approach the thermodynamic potential of the perovskite absorber layer, resulting in 1 cm2 devices with performance parameters of VOCs up to 1.29 V, fill factors above 80% and JSCs up to 17 mA/cm2, in addition to a thermal stability T80 lifetime of more than 3500 h at 85 °C.

Metadata

Item Type:	Article
Authors/Creators:	Caprioglio, P. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3465-2475 Smith, J.A. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6889-4408 Oliver, R.D.J. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4980-7940 Dasgupta, A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7942-293X Choudhary, S. Farrar, M.D. Ramadan, A.J. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4572-3459 Lin, Y.-H. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6819-1235 Christoforo, M.G. Ball, J.M. Diekmann, J. Thiesbrummel, J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6165-1374 Zaininger, K.-A. Shen, X. Johnston, M.B. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0301-8033 Neher, D. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6618-8403 Stolterfoht, M. Snaith, H.J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8511-790X
Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information:	© The Author(s) 2023. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
Keywords:	Condensed-matter physics; Electronics, photonics and device physics; Energy science and technology
Dates:	Published: 20 February 2023 Published (online): 20 February 2023 Accepted: 17 January 2023
Institution:	The University of Sheffield
Academic Units:	The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Science (Sheffield) > Department of Physics and Astronomy (Sheffield)
Funding Information:	Funder Grant number ENGINEERING AND PHYSICAL SCIENCE RESEARCH COUNCIL EP/V027131/1
Depositing User:	Symplectic Sheffield
Date Deposited:	27 Feb 2023 15:47
Last Modified:	27 Feb 2023 15:47
Published Version:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-36141-8
Status:	Published
Publisher:	Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Refereed:	Yes
Identification Number:	10.1038/s41467-023-36141-8
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID):	oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:196810

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Open-circuit and short-circuit loss management in wide-gap perovskite p-i-n solar cells

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