Pushpass, RG, Alzoufairi, S, Mancini, A et al. (9 more authors) (2023) Chronic consumption of probiotics, oats, and apples has differential effects on postprandial bile acid profile and cardiometabolic disease risk markers compared with an isocaloric control (cornflakes): a randomized trial. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 117 (2). pp. 252-265. ISSN 0002-9165
Abstract
Background: Dietary components that impact the gut microbiota may beneficially affect cardiometabolic health, possibly by altered bile acid metabolism. However, impacts of these foods on postprandial bile acids, gut microbiota, and cardiometabolic risk markers are unclear.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the chronic effects of probiotics, oats, and apples on postprandial bile acids, gut microbiota, and cardiometabolic health biomarkers.
Methods: Using an acute within chronic parallel design, 61 volunteers (mean ± SD: age, 52 ± 12 y; BMI, 24.8 ± 3.4 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to consume 40 g cornflakes (control), 40 g oats or 2 Renetta Canada apples each with 2 placebo capsules per day or 40 g cornflakes with 2 Lactobacillus reuteri capsules (>5 × 109 CFU) per day, for 8 wk. Fasting and postprandial serum/plasma bile acids and cardiometabolic health markers, fecal bile acids, and gut microbiota composition were determined.
Results: At week 0, oats and apples significantly decreased postprandial serum insulin [area under the curve (AUC): 25.6 (17.4, 33.8) and 23.4 (15.4, 31.4) vs. 42.0 (33.7, 50.2) pmol/L × min and incremental AUC (iAUC): 17.8 (11.6, 24.0) and 13.7 (7.7, 19.8) vs. 29.6 (23.3, 35.8) pmol/L × min] and C-peptide responses [AUC: 599 (514, 684) and 550 (467, 632) vs. 750 (665, 835) ng/mL × min], whereas nonesterified fatty acids were increased [AUC 135 (117, 153) vs. 86.3 (67.9, 105) and iAUC 96.2 (78.8, 114) vs. 60 (42.1, 77.9) mmol/L × min] after the apples vs. control (P ≤ 0.05). Postprandial unconjugated [AUC: predicted means (95% CI) 1469 (1101, 1837) vs. 363 (−28, 754) μmol/L × min and iAUC: 923 (682, 1165) vs. 22.0 (−235, 279) μmol/L × min)] and hydrophobic [iAUC: 1210 (911, 1510) vs. 487 (168, 806) μmol/L × min] bile acid responses were increased after 8 wk probiotic intervention vs. control (P ≤ 0.049). None of the interventions modulated the gut microbiota.
Conclusions: These results support beneficial effects of apples and oats on postprandial glycemia and the ability of the probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri to modulate postprandial plasma bile acid profiles compared with control (cornflakes), with no relationship evident between circulating bile acids and cardiometabolic health biomarkers.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Keywords: | Renetta Canada Apples; probiotic; fiber ; polyphenols; gut microbiota; apolipoprotein B; bile acids; glucose; insulin |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Environment (Leeds) > School of Food Science and Nutrition (Leeds) > FSN Nutrition and Public Health (Leeds) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 11 Jan 2023 11:49 |
Last Modified: | 08 Jun 2023 10:30 |
Published Version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajcnut.2022.10.013 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Elsevier |
Identification Number: | 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2022.10.013 |
Related URLs: | |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:194994 |