Smith, CJ orcid.org/0000-0003-0599-4633 and Forster, PM orcid.org/0000-0002-6078-0171 (2021) Suppressed Late‐20th Century Warming in CMIP6 Models Explained by Forcing and Feedbacks. Geophysical Research Letters, 48 (19). e2021GL094948. ISSN 0094-8276
Abstract
For the 1960–2000 period, the latest generation of climate models (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 [CMIP6]) shows less global mean surface temperature change relative to pre-industrial than that seen in observations. In contrast, the previous generation of models (CMIP5) performed well over this period. It has been hypothesized that this suppressed late-20th Century warming seen in CMIP6 is caused by a stronger aerosol forcing. However, we find this to be only part of the story. Not only is the aerosol forcing marginally more negative in CMIP6 compared to CMIP5, the greenhouse gas forcing in CMIP6 is also weaker than in CMIP5. These forcing differences are amplified by differences in climate sensitivity between the CMIP5 and CMIP6 ensemble, which leads to both a stronger aerosol cooling over 1960–1990 and a stronger greenhouse gas induced warming from 1990, returning the warming post-2000 toward the observed level.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2021. The Authors. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Environment (Leeds) > School of Earth and Environment (Leeds) > Inst for Climate & Atmos Science (ICAS) (Leeds) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 21 Dec 2022 15:00 |
Last Modified: | 21 Dec 2022 15:00 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Wiley |
Identification Number: | 10.1029/2021gl094948 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:194413 |