Luukkonen, T., Yliniemi, J., Walkley, B. orcid.org/0000-0003-1069-1362 et al. (6 more authors) (2022) Characterization of an aged alkali-activated slag roof tile after 30 years of exposure to Northern Scandinavian weather. RSC Advances, 12 (40). pp. 25822-25832.
Abstract
Alkali-activated materials (AAMs) have been known as an alternative cementitious binder in construction for more than 120 years. Several buildings utilizing AAMs were realized in Europe in the 1950s–1980s. During the last 30 years, the interest towards AAMs has been reinvigorated due to the potentially lower CO2 footprint in comparison to Portland cement. However, one often-raised issue with AAMs is the lack of long-term studies concerning durability in realistic conditions. In the present study, we examined a roof tile, which was prepared from alkali-activated blast furnace slag mortar and exposed to harsh Northern Scandinavian weather conditions in Turku, Finland, for approximately 30 years. Characterization of this roof tile provides unique and crucial information about the changes occurring during AAM lifetime. The results obtained with a suite of analytical techniques indicate that the roof tile had maintained excellent durability properties with little sign of structural disintegration in real-life living lab conditions, and thus provide in part assurance that AAM-based binders can be safely adopted in harsh climates. The phase assemblage and nanostructural characterization results reported here further elucidate the long-term changes occurring in AAMs and provide reference points for accelerated durability tests and thermodynamic modelling.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2022 The Authors. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Sheffield |
Academic Units: | The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Engineering (Sheffield) > Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering (Sheffield) The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Engineering (Sheffield) > Department of Materials Science and Engineering (Sheffield) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Sheffield |
Date Deposited: | 07 Dec 2022 14:47 |
Last Modified: | 07 Dec 2022 14:47 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1039/d2ra04456k |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:194008 |