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Ma, J, Jindal, G, Nair, M et al. (4 more authors) (2023) Highly Efficient 3-Bit Digital Power Amplifier for OFDM Waveform Amplification. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 71 (1). pp. 35-47. ISSN 0018-9480
Abstract
In this work, we present a digital power amplifier (DPA) and a signal-optimized control technique suitable for the amplification of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). OFDM is a high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) signal that is naturally arising from high spectrum efficiency modulations. A 3-bit DPA is implemented with three power-scaled transistors which are turned on and off based on the signal amplitude, while phase modulation is restored using the radio frequency (RF) input signal. The unavoidable nonlinearities at the DPA output due to PA switching are minimized by accounting for the OFDM signal probability density function (pdf). This pdf is a priori knowledge to design an optimal quantizer that minimizes distortion by distributing the DPA power levels where the signal amplitude is more similar to the original one. Back-off efficiency within 2³=8 possible states is then optimized by implementing a load-modulating power combiner. Theory and an example design of the combiner network are provided and demonstrated for this DPA. The reported DPA prototype operates at 1.5 GHz with a 3-bit control and achieves a maximum power-added efficiency (PAE) of 64.3% and maintains a drain efficiency greater than 47% over the output power range from 36.6 to 45.2 dBm (8.6-dB range).
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2022 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works. |
Keywords: | Digital power amplifier (DPA) , linearity , load modulation , optimization , orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) , power efficiency |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Engineering & Physical Sciences (Leeds) > School of Electronic & Electrical Engineering (Leeds) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 03 Nov 2022 13:55 |
Last Modified: | 04 Feb 2025 11:32 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | IEEE |
Identification Number: | 10.1109/tmtt.2022.3194092 |
Related URLs: | |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:192790 |
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Highly Efficient 3-Bit Digital Power Amplifier for OFDM Waveform Amplification. (deposited 04 Feb 2025 11:32)
- Highly Efficient 3-Bit Digital Power Amplifier for OFDM Waveform Amplification. (deposited 03 Nov 2022 13:55) [Currently Displayed]