Su, X, Wu, T, Zhang, J et al. (9 more authors) (2022) Present-Day PM2.5 over Asia: Simulation and Uncertainty in CMIP6 ESMs. Journal of Meteorological Research, 36 (3). pp. 429-449. ISSN 2095-6037
Abstract
This study assesses the ability of 10 Earth System Models (ESMs) that participated in the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) to reproduce the present-day inhalable particles with diameters less than 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5) over Asia and discusses the uncertainty. PM2.5 accounts for more than 30% of the surface total aerosol (fine and coarse) concentration over Asia, except for central Asia. The simulated spatial distributions of PM2.5 and its components, averaged from 2005 to 2020, are consistent with the Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications version 2 (MERRA-2) reanalysis. They are characterized by the high PM2.5 concentrations in eastern China and northern India where anthropogenic components such as sulfate and organic aerosol dominate, and in northwestern China where the mineral dust in PM2.5 fine particles (PM2.5DU) dominates. The present-day multi-model mean (MME) PM2.5 concentrations slightly underestimate ground-based observations in the same period of 2014–2019, although observations are affected by the limited coverage of observation sites and the urban areas. Those model biases partly come from other aerosols (such as nitrate and ammonium) not involved in our analyses, and also are contributed by large uncertainty in PM2.5 simulations on local scale among ESMs. The model uncertainties over East Asia are mainly attributed to sulfate and PM2.5DU; over South Asia, they are attributed to sulfate, organic aerosol, and PM2.5DU; over Southeast Asia, they are attributed to sea salt in PM2.5 fine particles (PM2.5SS); and over central Asia, they are attributed to PM2.5DU. They are mainly caused by the different representations of aerosols within individual ESMs including the representation of aerosol size distributions, dynamic transport, and physical and chemistry mechanisms.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | Copyright [2022], Chinese Meteorological Society and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg; Steven T. TURNOCK, and Kalli FUR�TADO, with British Crown (administered by Met Office). This version of the article has been accepted for publication, after peer review (when applicable) and is subject to Springer Nature’s AM terms of use, but is not the Version of Record and does not reflect post-acceptance improvements, or any corrections. The Version of Record is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13351-022-1202-7. |
Keywords: | PM2.5, Asia, Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6), Earth System Models (ESMs) |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Environment (Leeds) > School of Earth and Environment (Leeds) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 03 Aug 2022 17:19 |
Last Modified: | 01 Jun 2023 00:13 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Springer |
Identification Number: | 10.1007/s13351-022-1202-7 |
Related URLs: | |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:189629 |