Flint, T.F., Anderson, M.J. orcid.org/0000-0001-5552-4459, Akrivos, V. et al. (4 more authors) (2022) A fundamental analysis of factors affecting chemical homogeneity in the laser powder bed fusion process. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 194. 122985. ISSN 0017-9310
Abstract
In this work a novel mathematical framework, that fully describes the fusion and vapourisation state transitions in multi-component systems, has been applied to assist in understanding the fundamental mechanisms of defect formation and chemical homogenisation in the laser powder bed fusion process (L-PBF). Specifically, the role of vapourisation and condensation of the multi-component metallic substrate is investigated to determine the importance of properly capturing the state transitions when understanding the substrate evolution. The framework is applied to a ternary metallic system; it is revealed that entrained vapour bubbles in chemically dissimilar flows promote greater homogenisation during the condensation and collapse of these bubbles when compared to non-condensing phases. It is further shown that as the laser power density is increased, there is a greater tendency for preferential element evaporation of the lighter elements; this preferential element evaporation is quantified numerically for the first time, and shown to be a non-linear function of power density.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) |
Keywords: | Volume of fluid; Thermal fluid dynamics; Heat transfer; Vaporisation; Laser powder bed fusion; Additive manufacturing |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Sheffield |
Academic Units: | The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Engineering (Sheffield) > Department of Materials Science and Engineering (Sheffield) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Sheffield |
Date Deposited: | 08 Jul 2022 16:52 |
Last Modified: | 08 Jul 2022 16:52 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Elsevier BV |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2022.122985 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:188852 |