Rakshe, B., Patel, J. and Palmiere, E.J. orcid.org/0000-0002-4048-8536 (2022) Effect of niobium supersaturation in austenite on the static recrystallization behavior of carbon structural steels. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 53 (8). pp. 3143-3157. ISSN 1073-5623
Abstract
This work describes the effect of Nb supersaturation in austenite on the suppression of static recrystallization of austenite during an isothermal holding period following hot deformation. The investigation involved three carbon structural steels with varying Nb concentration at constant C (0.20 pct) and N (0.007 pct) levels. The isothermal double-hit deformation technique led to the determination of T5 pct and T95 pct (recrystallization-stop and full recrystallization temperatures, respectively) as a function of a true strain and interpass time. The results indicate that the T5 pct increases with increasing Nb supersaturation in austenite at a rate of 40 °C per 0.006 pct Nb supersaturation for a true stain ε=0.40. At each respective T5 pct, all tested steels exhibited an Nb supersaturation ratio ≥ 7.5 in austenite. A high, localized strain-induced precipitation of Nb(CN) was observed at the austenite subgrain boundaries in the unrecrystallized microstructure. This translated into higher values for local precipitate-pinning forces (FPIN), which were significantly higher than that predicted from equilibrium thermodynamics. The critical FPIN for retardation of static recrystallization was found to be 1.6 MPa at the respective T5 pct for each steel. The present study has contributed to advancing our knowledge of the interplay between Nb solute supersaturation and volume fraction of Nb(CN) precipitation in particular for carbon structural steels. It has also highlighted an opportunity to apply niobium, even an ultra-low addition (i.e., < 100 ppm) to commodity-grade structural steels to reduce overall alloying costs.
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Item Type: | Article |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © The Author(s) 2022. Open Access: This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Sheffield |
Academic Units: | The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Engineering (Sheffield) > Department of Materials Science and Engineering (Sheffield) |
Funding Information: | Funder Grant number CBMM TECHNOLOGY SUISSE SA UNSPECIFIED LEVERHULME TRUST (THE) IF-2021-017 |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Sheffield |
Date Deposited: | 01 Jul 2022 10:21 |
Last Modified: | 24 Feb 2023 15:01 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Springer Science and Business Media LLC |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1007/s11661-022-06733-y |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:188624 |
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