Kelly, JT, Swanson, J, Newman, J et al. (3 more authors) (2022) Membrane Interactions and Uncoating of Aichi Virus, a Picornavirus That Lacks a VP4. Journal of Virology, 96 (7). e00082-22. ISSN 0022-538X
Abstract
Kobuviruses are an unusual and poorly characterized genus within the picornavirus family and can cause gastrointestinal enteric disease in humans, livestock, and pets. The human kobuvirus Aichi virus (AiV) can cause severe gastroenteritis and deaths in children below the age of 5 years; however, this is a very rare occurrence. During the assembly of most picornaviruses (e.g., poliovirus, rhinovirus, and foot-and-mouth disease virus), the capsid precursor protein VP0 is cleaved into VP4 and VP2. However, kobuviruses retain an uncleaved VP0. From studies with other picornaviruses, it is known that VP4 performs the essential function of pore formation in membranes, which facilitates transfer of the viral genome across the endosomal membrane and into the cytoplasm for replication. Here, we employ genome exposure and membrane interaction assays to demonstrate that pH plays a critical role in AiV uncoating and membrane interactions. We demonstrate that incubation at low pH alters the exposure of hydrophobic residues within the capsid, enhances genome exposure, and enhances permeabilization of model membranes. Furthermore, using peptides we demonstrate that the N terminus of VP0 mediates membrane pore formation in model membranes, indicating that this plays an analogous function to VP4.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2022 Kelly et al. This is an openaccess article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license |
Keywords: | Aichi virus, kobuvirus, picornavirus, VP4, VP0, uncoating, pore formation, viroporin, membranes |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Biological Sciences (Leeds) > School of Molecular and Cellular Biology (Leeds) > Molecular Virology (Leeds) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 16 May 2022 07:45 |
Last Modified: | 18 Jul 2022 09:22 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | American Society for Microbiology |
Identification Number: | 10.1128/jvi.00082-22 |
Related URLs: | |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:186760 |
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