Huang, Y orcid.org/0000-0002-1220-6896, Jiang, L orcid.org/0000-0002-1009-996X, Chen, H orcid.org/0000-0003-0753-7735 et al. (2 more authors) (2022) Comparative life cycle assessment of electric bikes for commuting in the UK. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 105. 103213. ISSN 1361-9209
Abstract
Electric bikes (e-bikes) represent an increasing share of urban mobility due to their small sizes and clean fuels. This study developed an environmental life cycle assessment model to evaluate e-bikes powered by lithium-ion battery, compared with a petrol car and a battery electric vehicle (BEV) for commuting. System boundary included vehicle lifecycle and fuel lifecycle. The model also included emissions from tyre and brake wear, and noise impacts in a case study in the UK. Results showed that BEVs and e-bikes reduce CO2, and this reduction can increase with change in electricity mix and battery recycling. Advantages of e-bikes are not proportional to the weight of the vehicle. Non-exhaust emissions are significant to respiratory effects and human toxicity, so are noise reductions due to the use of electric vehicles. The model and data should help to conduct similar studies elsewhere in the world and to develop policies for electric vehicles.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. This is an author produced version of an article published in Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy. |
Keywords: | Life cycle assessment; Electric bike; Battery electric vehicle; Atmospheric emissions; Urban commuting |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Environment (Leeds) > Institute for Transport Studies (Leeds) > ITS: Economics and Discrete Choice (Leeds) The University of Leeds > Faculty of Environment (Leeds) > Institute for Transport Studies (Leeds) > ITS: Spatial Modelling and Dynamics (Leeds) |
Funding Information: | Funder Grant number EU - European Union 769926 |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 25 Feb 2022 12:37 |
Last Modified: | 23 Feb 2023 01:13 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Elsevier |
Identification Number: | 10.1016/j.trd.2022.103213 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:184093 |
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