Newton, Robert orcid.org/0000-0001-6715-9153 and de Martel, Catherine (2020) Infectious agents:missed opportunities for prevention. In: Stewart, B. V., Weiderpass, E. and Wild, C. P., (eds.) World Cancer Report. World Cancer Report . International Agency for Research on Cancer , Lyons , pp. 61-67.
Abstract
Infectious agents are an important cause of cancer, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, which have limited ability to manage the disease; therefore, prevention is a priority. ● The bacterium Helicobacter pylori was estimated to be responsible for about 810 000 new cancer cases in 2018, including 89% of non-cardia gastric cancers (760 000 cases), 74% of gastric non-Hodgkin lymphoma (22 000 cases) and 29% of cardia gastric cancers in East Asia (36 000 cases). Treatment by a combination of anti-microbial drugs is potentially preventive. ● Thirteen sexually transmitted mucosal human papillomavirus subtypes are established human carcinogens. Together, they are responsible for all cervical cancer cases globally (570 000 cases) and a variable proportion of cases of other anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers (totalling 120 000 cases). Vaccination against human papillomaviruses occurs in more than 80 countries. ● Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus resulted in about 360 000 cases and 140 000 cases, respectively, of hepatocellular carcinoma in 2018, amounting to about 76% of all cases of hepatocellular carcinoma. Preventive vaccines against hepatitis B virus have been available since 1982, and direct-acting antiviral agents have the potential to cure more than 95% of people with hepatitis C virus infection.
Metadata
Item Type: | Book Section |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Editors: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | Creative Commons license: CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGO |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of York |
Academic Units: | The University of York > Faculty of Sciences (York) > Health Sciences (York) |
Depositing User: | Pure (York) |
Date Deposited: | 05 Jan 2022 12:30 |
Last Modified: | 20 Mar 2025 00:15 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | International Agency for Research on Cancer |
Series Name: | World Cancer Report |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:181873 |