Immunogenicity of standard and extended dosing intervals of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine

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Abstract

Extension of the interval between vaccine doses for the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine was introduced in the United Kingdom to accelerate population coverage with a single dose. At this time, trial data were lacking, and we addressed this in a study of United Kingdom healthcare workers. The first vaccine dose induced protection from infection from the circulating alpha (B.1.1.7) variant over several weeks. In a substudy of 589 individuals, we show that this single dose induces severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses and a sustained B and T cell response to the spike protein. NAb levels were higher after the extended dosing interval (6–14 weeks) compared with the conventional 3- to 4-week regimen, accompanied by enrichment of CD4+ T cells expressing interleukin-2 (IL-2). Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection amplified and accelerated the response. These data on dynamic cellular and humoral responses indicate that extension of the dosing interval is an effective immunogenic protocol.

Metadata

Item Type:	Article
Authors/Creators:	Payne, RP Longet, S Austin, JA Skelly, DT Dejnirattisai, W Adele, S Meardon, N Faustini, S Al-Taei, S Moore, SC Tipton, T Hering, LM Angyal, A Brown, R Nicols, AR Gillson, N Dobson, SL Amini, A Supasa, P Cross, A Bridges-Webb, A Reyes, LS Linder, A Sandhar, G Kilby, JA Tyerman, JK Altmann, T Hornsby, H Whitham, R Phillips, E Malone, T Hargreaves, A Shields, A Saei, A Foulkes, S Stafford, L Johnson, S Wootton, DG Conlon, CP Jeffery, K Matthews, PC Frater, J Deeks, AS Pollard, AJ Brown, A Rowland-Jones, SL Mongkolsapaya, J Barnes, E Hopkins, S Hall, V Dold, C Duncan, CJA Richter, A Carroll, M Screaton, G de Silva, TI https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6498-9212 Turtle, L Klenerman, P Dunachie, S Abuelgasim, H Adland, E Adlou, S Akther, HD Alhussni, A Ali, M Ansari, MA Arancibia-Cárcamo, CV Bayley, M Brown, H Chalk, J Chand, M Chawla, A Chinnakannan, S Cutteridge, J de Lara, C Denly, L Diffey, B Dimitriadis, S Drake, TM Donnison, T Dupont, M Eyre, D Fairman, A Gardiner, S Gilbert-Jarmillo, J Goulder, P Hackstein, C-P Hambleton, S Haniffa, M Haworth, J Holmes, J Horner, E Jämsén, A Johnson, S Jones, C Kasanyinga, M Kelly, S Kirk, R Knight, ML Lawrie, A Lee, L Lett, L Lillie, K Lim, N Mehta, H Mentzer, AJ O’Donnell, D Ogbe, A Pace, M Payne, BAI Platt, G Poolan, S Provine, N Ramamurthy, N Robinson, N Romaniuk, L Rongkard, P Sampson, OL Simmons, B Spegarova, JS Stephenson, E Subramaniam, K Thaventhiran, J Thomas, S Travis, S Tucker, S Turton, H Watson, A Watson, L Weeks, E Wilson, R Wood, S Wright, R Xiao, H Zawia, AAT
Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information:	© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Keywords:	B cell; BNT162b2; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; T cell; antibody; dosing interval; neutralization; vaccine; variants of concern; Adult; Aged; Antibodies, Neutralizing; Antibodies, Viral; COVID-19; COVID-19 Vaccines; Cross-Priming; Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; Ethnic Groups; Female; Humans; Immunity; Immunoglobulin G; Linear Models; Male; Middle Aged; Reference Standards; SARS-CoV-2; T-Lymphocytes; Treatment Outcome; Vaccines, Synthetic; Young Adult
Dates:	Published: 11 November 2021 Published (online): 16 October 2021 Accepted: 12 October 2021
Institution:	The University of Sheffield
Academic Units:	The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health (Sheffield)
Funding Information:	Funder Grant number Department of Health and Social Care 1603HB006/PP4
Depositing User:	Symplectic Sheffield
Date Deposited:	29 Nov 2021 14:53
Last Modified:	11 May 2023 15:55
Status:	Published
Publisher:	Elsevier BV
Refereed:	Yes
Identification Number:	10.1016/j.cell.2021.10.011
Related URLs:	PubMed URL
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID):	oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:180956

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Sustained T cell immunity, protection and boosting using extended dosing intervals of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. (deposited 11 May 2023 15:51)
- Immunogenicity of standard and extended dosing intervals of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. (deposited 29 Nov 2021 14:53) [Currently Displayed]

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Immunogenicity of standard and extended dosing intervals of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine

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