Patra, J., Buckley, C. orcid.org/0000-0002-8430-0347, Kerr, W.C. et al. (3 more authors) (2021) Impact of body mass and alcohol consumption on all‐cause and liver mortality in 240 000 adults in the United States. Drug and Alcohol Review, 40 (6). pp. 1061-1070. ISSN 0959-5236
Abstract
Introduction
Nationally representative studies of the combined impact of drinking and body mass (BMI) on mortality outcomes are unavailable. We investigate whether both act together to elevate risk of all‐cause or liver mortality.
Methods
We obtained self‐reported histories of drinking and BMI from 129 098 women (mean age 47.2 years) and 102 568 men (mean age 45.6 years) ≥18 years interviewed from 1997 to 2004 in the National Health Interview Survey and related these data to the deaths that occurred by 31 December 2006 (women = 8486; men = 7819 deaths). Death hazards among current drinkers in different BMI groups were adjusted for age, education, race and smoking.
Results
Obese (≥30 kg m−2) adults with consumption of >40 g day−1 (women) or >60 g day−1 (men) pure ethanol were at risk of increased mortality from all‐cause and chronic liver disease (P trend <0.0001). For heavy drinkers with BMI ≥30 kg m−2, each 5 kg m−2 higher BMI was associated with an elevated all‐cause mortality in men (hazard ratios 1.27, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.16–1.40) and women (1.12, [1.02–1.24]). The excess risk due to interaction was more pronounced in men (7.30, [3.60–11.00]) than women (2.90, [0.50–5.30]).
Discussion and Conclusions
Obesity and excess alcohol are both related to all‐cause and liver mortality—the latter with evidence of a supra‐additive interaction between the risk factors. The presence of both factors in the same population and their impact should inform treatment, public health policies and research.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
---|---|
Authors/Creators: |
|
Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2021 Australasian Professional Society on Alcohol and other Drugs. |
Keywords: | National Health Interview Survey; heavy drinking; high body mass index; interaction effect; obesity |
Dates: |
|
Institution: | The University of Sheffield |
Academic Units: | The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Engineering (Sheffield) > Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering (Sheffield) The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health (Sheffield) > School of Health and Related Research (Sheffield) > ScHARR - Sheffield Centre for Health and Related Research |
Funding Information: | Funder Grant number National Institutes Of Health (USA) 1R01AA024443-01A1 |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Sheffield |
Date Deposited: | 28 Apr 2021 06:53 |
Last Modified: | 11 Feb 2022 07:49 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Wiley |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1111/dar.13265 |
Related URLs: | |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:173525 |