International Consensus Based Review and Recommendations for Minimum Reporting Standards in Research on Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation (Version 2020)

Abstract

Given its non-invasive nature, there is increasing interest in the use of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) across basic, translational and clinical research. Contemporaneously, tVNS can be achieved by stimulating either the auricular branch or the cervical bundle of the vagus nerve, referred to as transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation(VNS) and transcutaneous cervical VNS, respectively. In order to advance the field in a systematic manner, studies using these technologies need to adequately report sufficient methodological detail to enable comparison of results between studies, replication of studies, as well as enhancing study participant safety. We systematically reviewed the existing tVNS literature to evaluate current reporting practices. Based on this review, and consensus among participating authors, we propose a set of minimal reporting items to guide future tVNS studies. The suggested items address specific technical aspects of the device and stimulation parameters. We also cover general recommendations including inclusion and exclusion criteria for participants, outcome parameters and the detailed reporting of side effects. Furthermore, we review strategies used to identify the optimal stimulation parameters for a given research setting and summarize ongoing developments in animal research with potential implications for the application of tVNS in humans. Finally, we discuss the potential of tVNS in future research as well as the associated challenges across several disciplines in research and clinical practice.

Metadata

Item Type:	Article
Authors/Creators:	Farmer, AD Strzelczyk, A Finisguerra, A Gourine, AV Gharabaghi, A Hasan, A Burger, AM Jaramillo, AM Mertens, A Majid, A Verkuil, B Badran, BW Ventura-Bort, C Gaul, C Beste, C Warren, CM Quintana, DS Hämmerer, D Freri, E Frangos, E Tobaldini, E Kaniusas, E Rosenow, F Capone, F Panetsos, F Ackland, GL Kaithwas, G O'Leary, GH Genheimer, H Jacobs, HIL Van Diest, I Schoenen, J Redgrave, J Fang, J Deuchars, J https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4445-654X Széles, JC Thayer, JF More, K Vonck, K Steenbergen, L Vianna, LC McTeague, LM Ludwig, M Veldhuizen, MG De Couck, M Casazza, M Keute, M Bikson, M Andreatta, M D'Agostini, M Weymar, M Betts, M Prigge, M Kaess, M Roden, M Thai, M Schuster, NM Montano, N Hansen, N Kroemer, NB Rong, P Fischer, R Howland, RH Sclocco, R Sellaro, R Garcia, RG Bauer, S Gancheva, S Stavrakis, S Kampusch, S Deuchars, SA Wehner, S Laborde, S Usichenko, T Polak, T Zaehle, T Borges, U Teckentrup, V Jandackova, VK Napadow, V Koenig, J
Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information:	© 2021 Farmer, Strzelczyk, Finisguerra, Gourine, Gharabaghi, Hasan, Burger, Jaramillo, Mertens, Majid, Verkuil, Badran, Ventura-Bort, Gaul, Beste, Warren, Quintana, Hämmerer, Freri, Frangos, Tobaldini, Kaniusas, Rosenow, Capone, Panetsos, Ackland, Kaithwas, O'Leary, Genheimer, Jacobs, Van Diest, Schoenen, Redgrave, Fang, Deuchars, Széles, Thayer, More, Vonck, Steenbergen, Vianna, McTeague, Ludwig, Veldhuizen, De Couck, Casazza, Keute, Bikson, Andreatta, D'Agostini, Weymar, Betts, Prigge, Kaess, Roden, Thai, Schuster, Montano, Hansen, Kroemer, Rong, Fischer, Howland, Sclocco, Sellaro, Garcia, Bauer, Gancheva, Stavrakis, Kampusch, Deuchars, Wehner, Laborde, Usichenko, Polak, Zaehle, Borges, Teckentrup, Jandackova, Napadow and Koenig. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Keywords:	transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation, minimum reporting standards, guidelines & recommendations, transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation, transcutaneous cervical vagus nerve stimulation
Dates:	Published: 23 March 2021 Published (online): 23 March 2021 Accepted: 1 September 2020
Institution:	The University of Leeds
Academic Units:	The University of Leeds > Faculty of Biological Sciences (Leeds) > School of Biomedical Sciences (Leeds)
Funding Information:	Funder Grant number Dunhill Medical Trust Not Known
Depositing User:	Symplectic Publications
Date Deposited:	29 Apr 2021 15:57
Last Modified:	29 Apr 2021 15:57
Status:	Published
Publisher:	Frontiers Media
Identification Number:	10.3389/fnhum.2020.568051
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID):	oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:173441

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International Consensus Based Review and Recommendations for Minimum Reporting Standards in Research on Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation (Version 2020)

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