Średniawa, Władysław, Wróbel, Jacek, Kublik, Ewa et al. (3 more authors) (2021) Network and synaptic mechanisms underlying high frequency oscillations in the rat and cat olfactory bulb under ketamine-xylazine anesthesia. Scientific Reports. 6390. ISSN 2045-2322
Abstract
Wake-related ketamine-dependent high frequency oscillations (HFO) can be recorded in local field potentials (LFP) from cortical and subcortical regions in rodents. The mechanisms underlying their generation and occurrence in higher mammals are unclear. Unfortunately, anesthetic doses of pure ketamine attenuate HFO, which has precluded their investigation under anesthesia. Here, we show ketamine-xylazine (KX) anesthesia is associated with a prominent 80–130 Hz rhythm in the olfactory bulb (OB) of rats, whereas 30–65 Hz gamma power is diminished. Simultaneous LFP and thermocouple recordings revealed the 80–130 Hz rhythm was dependent on nasal respiration. This rhythm persisted despite surgical excision of the piriform cortex. Silicon probes spanning the dorsoventral aspect of the OB revealed this rhythm was strongest in ventral areas and associated with microcurrent sources about the mitral layer. Pharmacological microinfusion studies revealed dependency on excitatory-inhibitory synaptic activity, but not gap junctions. Finally, a similar rhythm occurred in the OB of KX-anesthetized cats, which shared key features with our rodent studies. We conclude that the activity we report here is driven by nasal airflow, local excitatory-inhibitory interactions, and conserved in higher mammals. Additionally, KX anesthesia is a convenient model to investigate further the mechanisms underlying wake-related ketamine-dependent HFO.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © The Author(s) 2021 |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of York |
Academic Units: | The University of York > Faculty of Sciences (York) > Hull York Medical School (York) |
Depositing User: | Pure (York) |
Date Deposited: | 23 Mar 2021 10:50 |
Last Modified: | 10 Dec 2024 00:18 |
Published Version: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-85705-5 |
Status: | Published |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1038/s41598-021-85705-5 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:172477 |