Smith, Claire Q. orcid.org/0000-0002-7479-4312 and Williams, Susannah (2021) Why Indonesia Adopted ‘Quiet Diplomacy’ over R2P in the Rohingya Crisis:The Roles of Islamic Humanitarianism, Civil–Military Relations, and ASEAN. Global Responsibility to Protect. ISSN 1875-9858
Abstract
Following atrocities against the minority Muslim Rohingya population by the Myanmar military, several states have imposed sanctions and deployed international justice strategies against the Myanmar government. In contrast, Indonesia has used an alternative ‘quiet diplomacy’ approach, focused on aid delivery to affected communities and cooperation with Myanmar. The paper presents one of the first empirical examinations of Indonesia’s role, and considers Indonesia’s approach from a realpolitik perspective to show why Indonesia has avoided R2P measures. The paper identifies three factors that shaped Indonesia’s approach: Islamic humanitarianism, Indonesia’s own experience of managing civil–military relations during a contested democratic transition, and its continued commitment to core ASEAN principles. The paper also contributes to wider debates by identifying some of the limitations of R2P, especially in terms of how R2P can be sidelined by national and regional diplomatic priorities, in this case manifested in the quiet diplomacy approach.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © Claire Q. Smith and Susannah G. Williams, 2021 |
Keywords: | Responsibility to Protect (R2P),Myanmar,Indonesia,Rohingya,ASEAN,Islamic humanitarianism,civil-military relations,quiet diplomacy |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of York |
Academic Units: | The University of York > Faculty of Social Sciences (York) > Politics (York) |
Depositing User: | Pure (York) |
Date Deposited: | 17 Mar 2021 14:30 |
Last Modified: | 08 Feb 2025 00:41 |
Published Version: | https://doi.org/10.1163/1875-984X-13020004 |
Status: | Published online |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1163/1875-984X-13020004 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:172289 |
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Description: Why Indonesia Adopted ‘Quiet Diplomacy’ over R2P in the Rohingya Crisis: The Roles of Islamic Humanitarianism, Civil–Military Relations, and asean
Licence: CC-BY 2.5