Bernert, M., Janky, F., Sieglin, B. et al. (16 more authors) (2021) X-point radiation, its control and an ELM suppressed radiating regime at the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak. Nuclear Fusion. 024001. ISSN 1741-4326
Abstract
Future fusion reactors require a safe, steady state divertor operation. The required detached operation is, in tokamaks with metal walls, usually achieved by seeding of impurities, such as nitrogen. With strong seeding levels, the dominant radiation is emitted from a small, poloidally localized volume inside the confined region, in the vicinity of the X-point. The location of the radiating volume is observed to vary relative to the X-point depending on seeding and power levels, i.e. depending on the degree of detachment. At the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak, the position of the radiator relative to the X-point can be controlled in real time by a modulation of the nitrogen puff level. At a certain height of the radiator above the X-point, an ELM-suppressed regime is observed with minimal reduction of confinement. While the control of the X-point radiator already allows operation in full detachment at a dissipated power fraction of around 95 %, which is required for a future reactor and was previously never achieved in a controlled way, such an ELM-suppressed regime additionally eliminates the challenge of the transient, intolerably high heat fluxes by ELMs. Both requirements are met in the presented regime while maintaining a high energy confinement at high density.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
---|---|
Authors/Creators: |
|
Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | This is the Accepted Manuscript version of an article accepted for publication in Nuclear Fusion. IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it. |
Dates: |
|
Institution: | The University of York |
Academic Units: | The University of York > Faculty of Sciences (York) > Physics (York) |
Depositing User: | Pure (York) |
Date Deposited: | 03 Feb 2021 15:50 |
Last Modified: | 10 Mar 2025 00:08 |
Published Version: | https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/abc936 |
Status: | Published online |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1088/1741-4326/abc936 |
Related URLs: | |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:170753 |
Download
Filename: 30_Oct_Bernert_NFletter2020_last_submitted_version_before_acceptance.pdf
Description: 30_Oct_Bernert_NFletter2020_last_submitted_version_before_acceptance
Licence: CC-BY-NC-ND 2.5