Warr, P. (2018) Self-employment, personal values, and varieties of happiness–unhappiness. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 23 (3). pp. 388-401. ISSN 1076-8998
Abstract
This study compares personal values and forms of happiness between self-employed workers and those employed in an organization. Values are examined through Schwartz’s (1999) established model, and happiness is measured in terms of personal flourishing and both job-specific and general hedonic well-being. In two nationally representative samples, self-employed workers are found to value self-direction and stimulation in their lives to a significantly greater degree than do organizational employees, but not to differ in other types of value. Well-being differences are predicted to depend on whether or not workers supervise others, such that any well-being advantages of self-employment are expected to occur only for self-employed workers without subordinates. As predicted, job satisfaction in self-employment is found to exceed that of organizational workers primarily for those who do not supervise others. In respect of personal flourishing, self-employed workers report significantly greater accomplishment in their lives, and that difference is again found only for workers without supervisory responsibility. However, strain experienced in a job and context-free hedonic well-being are found to be similar between self- and organizational employment. Refinements are proposed to research methods and practical procedures.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2017 American Psychological Association. |
Keywords: | self-employment; happiness; well-being; flourishing; job satisfaction |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Sheffield |
Academic Units: | The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Social Sciences (Sheffield) > Management School (Sheffield) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Sheffield |
Date Deposited: | 20 Jan 2021 11:42 |
Last Modified: | 20 Jan 2021 11:42 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | American Psychological Association (APA) |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1037/ocp0000095 |
Related URLs: | |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:170104 |