Ramesh, K, Smith, AK, Garcia, RR et al. (3 more authors) (2020) Long‐Term Variability and Tendencies in Migrating Diurnal Tide From WACCM6 Simulations During 1850–2014. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 125 (23). e2020JD033644. ISSN 2169-897X
Abstract
Long‐term variability and tendencies in migrating diurnal tide (DW1) are investigated for the first time using a three‐member ensemble of historical simulations by NCAR's Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model, latest Version 6 (WACCM6) for 1850–2014 (165 years). The model reproduces the climatological features of the tide in temperature (T), zonal wind (U), and meridional wind (V). The amplitudes peak in the upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere (above ~0.001 hPa) at the equator for T (~10 K) and over 20–30°N and S latitudes for U (~15 m/s) and V (~25 m/s). The contributions of solar cycle (SC), quasi biennial oscillation (QBO) at 10 and 30 hPa, El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), ozone depleting substances (ODS), carbon dioxide (CO2), and stratospheric sulfate aerosols (volcanic eruptions) to change in annual mean amplitudes are analyzed using multiple linear regression. The tidal amplitudes in three components show a long‐term increase in the upper stratosphere (0.95–10.7 hPa) and the upper mesosphere (0.0001–0.01 hPa), predominantly due to increasing CO2 with a smaller contribution from the trend in ENSO. Interestingly, the global mean tidal amplitude in T decreases sharply after 1950–1960 until 1995 and then increases in association with changes in ODSs. The seasonal differences in tidal responses to the above indices can be as large as the overall signals. All the responses are stronger in the upper mesosphere; however, there is also a pronounced negative response of temperature tide to ODSs over middle to high latitudes around the stratopause (~1 hPa) during all seasons.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2020. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Ramesh, K, Smith, AK, Garcia, RR et al. (3 more authors) (2020) Long‐Term Variability and Tendencies in Migrating Diurnal Tide From WACCM6 Simulations During 1850–2014. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 125 (23). e2020JD033644. ISSN 2169-897X, which has been published in final form at http://doi.org/10.1029/2020jd033644. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. |
Keywords: | atmospheric tides; mesosphere; lower stratosphere; trends |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Engineering & Physical Sciences (Leeds) > School of Physics and Astronomy (Leeds) > Astrophysics (Leeds) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 05 Jan 2021 17:26 |
Last Modified: | 21 May 2021 00:38 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Wiley |
Identification Number: | 10.1029/2020jd033644 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:169526 |