Shields, AM, Burns, SO, Savic, S orcid.org/0000-0001-7910-0554 et al. (1 more author) (2021) COVID-19 in patients with primary and secondary immunodeficiency: the United Kingdom experience. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 147 (3). 870-875.e1. ISSN 0091-6749
Abstract
Background: As of November 2020, SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in 55 million infections worldwide and over 1.3 million deaths from COVID-19. Outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection in individuals with primary immunodeficiency or symptomatic secondary immunodeficiency remain uncertain.
Objectives: To document the outcomes of individuals with primary or symptomatic secondary immunodeficiency following COVID-19 in the United Kingdom.
Methods: At the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, the United Kingdom Primary Immunodeficiency Network (UK PIN) established a registry of cases to collate the nationwide outcomes of COVID-19 in individuals with PID or symptomatic SID and determine risk factors associated with morbidity and mortality from COVID-19 in these patient groups.
Results: 100 patients had been enrolled by 1st July 2020, 60 with primary immunodeficiency (PID), 7 with other inborn errors of immunity including autoinflammatory diseases and C1 inhibitor deficiency and 33 with symptomatic secondary immunodeficiency (SID). In individuals with PID, 53.3% (n=32/60) were hospitalized, the infection fatality rate (IFR) was 20.0% (n=12/60), the case fatality rate (CFR) was 31.6% (n=12/38) and the inpatient mortality 37.5% (n=12/32). Individuals with SID had worse outcomes than those with PID. 75.8% (n=25/33) were hospitalized, the IFR was 33.3% (n=11/33), the CFR was 39.2% (n=11/28), and inpatient mortality 44.0% (n=11/25).
Conclusions: In comparison to the general population, adult patients with PID and symptomatic SID display greater morbidity and mortality from COVID-19. This increased risk must be reflected in public health guidelines to adequately protect vulnerable patients from exposure to the virus.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Keywords: | COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; primary immunodeficiency; secondary immunodeficiency |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Medicine and Health (Leeds) > School of Medicine (Leeds) > Institute of Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Medicine (LIRMM) (Leeds) > Inflammatory Arthritis (Leeds) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 05 Jan 2021 15:05 |
Last Modified: | 08 Jun 2023 14:40 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Elsevier |
Identification Number: | 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.12.620 |
Related URLs: | |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:169464 |