Vedhara, K., Royal, S., Sunger, K. et al. (6 more authors) (2020) Effects of non-pharmacological interventions as vaccine adjuvants in humans: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Health Psychology Review, 15 (2). pp. 245-271. ISSN 1743-7199
Abstract
Introduction
Psychological and behavioural factors influence the effectiveness of vaccines. This has led to interest in the potential for non-pharmacological treatments, which modify these factors, to enhance vaccine effectiveness. We conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) to examine the effects of non-pharmacological adjuvants on vaccine effectiveness, as measured by antibody responses to vaccination.
Areas covered
Electronic databases (EMBASE, Medline, PsychINFO, CINAHL) were searched from inception to 6th February 2018. This yielded 100 eligible papers, reporting 106 trials: 79 interventions associated with diet and/or nutrition; 12 physical activity interventions and 9 psychological interventions.
We observed that over half (58/106, 55%) of the trials reported evidence of non-pharmacological interventions enhancing the antibody response to vaccination across one or more outcomes. The NMA considered the evidence for the comparative effects between all intervention types, control and placebo for antibody titres (48 studies), seroconversion (25 studies) and seroprotection (23 studies) separately. The NMA provided only weak evidence in support of nutritional formulae and probiotics in increasing antibody titres.
Expert opinion
This review offers a comprehensive summary of the available literature on non-pharmacological interventions as vaccine adjuvants. The evidence is characterised by considerable heterogeneity but provides early evidence of nutritional formulae and probiotic interventions being associated with enhanced antibody responses to vaccination. The absence of evidence for other treatments may be the consequence of limited and unreliable evidence on these treatments. Large, well-designed studies which include consistent core outcomes and measures of intervention adherence and fidelity are required.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
---|---|
Authors/Creators: |
|
Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2020 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. This is an author-produced version of a paper subsequently published in Health Psychology Review. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy. |
Keywords: | vaccinations; antibodies; diet; stress; physical activity; psychological interventions |
Dates: |
|
Institution: | The University of Sheffield |
Academic Units: | The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health (Sheffield) > School of Health and Related Research (Sheffield) > ScHARR - Sheffield Centre for Health and Related Research |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Sheffield |
Date Deposited: | 26 Nov 2020 14:36 |
Last Modified: | 02 Feb 2022 09:57 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Taylor & Francis |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1080/17437199.2020.1854050 |
Related URLs: | |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:168449 |