Marshall, LR, Smith, CJ, Forster, PM orcid.org/0000-0002-6078-0171 et al. (3 more authors)
(2020)
Large Variations in Volcanic Aerosol Forcing Efficiency Due to Eruption Source Parameters and Rapid Adjustments.
Geophysical Research Letters, 47 (19).
e2020GL090.
ISSN 0094-8276
Abstract
The relationship between volcanic stratospheric aerosol optical depth (SAOD) and volcanic radiative forcing is key for quantifying volcanic climate impacts. In their Fifth Assessment Report, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change used one scaling factor between volcanic SAOD and volcanic forcing based on climate model simulations of the 1991 Mt. Pinatubo eruption, which may not be appropriate for all eruptions. Using a large ensemble of aerosol‐chemistry‐climate simulations of eruptions with different sulfur dioxide emissions, latitudes, emission altitudes, and seasons, we find that the effective radiative forcing (ERF) is on average 20% less than the instantaneous radiative forcing, predominantly due to a positive shortwave cloud adjustment. In our model, the volcanic SAOD‐ERF relationship is non‐unique and varies widely depending on time since an eruption, eruption latitude, and season due to differences in aerosol dispersion and incoming solar radiation. Our revised SAOD‐ERF relationships suggest that volcanic forcing has been previously overestimated.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2020, The Authors. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
Keywords: | volcanic forcing; aerosols; effective radiative forcing; rapid adjustments |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Environment (Leeds) > School of Earth and Environment (Leeds) > Inst for Climate & Atmos Science (ICAS) (Leeds) |
Funding Information: | Funder Grant number NERC (Natural Environment Research Council) NE/T009381/1 |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 25 Sep 2020 11:12 |
Last Modified: | 25 Jun 2023 22:26 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | American Geophysical Union |
Identification Number: | 10.1029/2020gl090241 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:165874 |