Spatial organization of Clostridium difficile S-layer biogenesis

Abstract

Surface layers (S-layers) are protective protein coats which form around all archaea and most bacterial cells. Clostridium difficile is a Gram-positive bacterium with an S-layer covering its peptidoglycan cell wall. The S-layer in C. difficile is constructed mainly of S-layer protein A (SlpA), which is a key virulence factor and an absolute requirement for disease. S-layer biogenesis is a complex multi-step process, disruption of which has severe consequences for the bacterium. We examined the subcellular localization of SlpA secretion and S-layer growth; observing formation of S-layer at specific sites that coincide with cell wall synthesis, while the secretion of SlpA from the cell is relatively delocalized. We conclude that this delocalized secretion of SlpA leads to a pool of precursor in the cell wall which is available to repair openings in the S-layer formed during cell growth or following damage.

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Item Type:	Article
Authors/Creators:	Oatley, P. Kirk, J.A. Ma, S. Jones, S. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8043-7998 Fagan, R.P. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8704-4828
Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information:	© The Author(s) 2020. Open Access: This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
Dates:	Accepted: 9 August 2020 Published (online): 24 August 2020 Published: 24 August 2020
Institution:	The University of Sheffield
Academic Units:	The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Science (Sheffield) > Department of Chemistry (Sheffield) The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Science (Sheffield) > School of Biosciences (Sheffield) > Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (Sheffield)
Funding Information:	Funder Grant number MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL MR/N000900/1 WELLCOME TRUST (THE) 204877/Z/16/Z
Depositing User:	Symplectic Sheffield
Date Deposited:	01 Sep 2020 14:05
Last Modified:	01 Sep 2020 14:09
Status:	Published
Publisher:	Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Refereed:	Yes
Identification Number:	10.1038/s41598-020-71059-x
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID):	oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:164937

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Spatial organization of Clostridium difficile S-layer biogenesis

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