Jabbar, A, Ingoe, L, Junejo, S et al. (11 more authors) (2020) Effect of Levothyroxine on Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction in Patients With Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA, 324 (3). pp. 249-258. ISSN 0098-7484
Abstract
Importance: Thyroid hormones play a key role in modulating myocardial contractility. Subclinical hypothyroidism in patients with acute myocardial infarction is associated with poor prognosis.
Objective: To evaluate the effect of levothyroxine treatment on left ventricular function in patients with acute myocardial infarction and subclinical hypothyroidism.
Design, Setting, and Participants: A double-blind, randomized clinical trial conducted in 6 hospitals in the United Kingdom. Patients with acute myocardial infarction including ST-segment elevation and non–ST-segment elevation were recruited between February 2015 and December 2016, with the last participant being followed up in December 2017.
Interventions: Levothyroxine treatment (n = 46) commencing at 25 µg titrated to aim for serum thyrotropin levels between 0.4 and 2.5 mU/L or identical placebo (n = 49), both provided in capsule form, once daily for 52 weeks.
Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome measure was left ventricular ejection fraction at 52 weeks, assessed by magnetic resonance imaging, adjusted for age, sex, type of acute myocardial infarction, affected coronary artery territory, and baseline left ventricular ejection fraction. Secondary measures were left ventricular volumes, infarct size (assessed in a subgroup [n = 60]), adverse events, and patient-reported outcome measures of health status, health-related quality of life, and depression.
Results: Among the 95 participants randomized, the mean (SD) age was 63.5 (9.5) years, 72 (76.6%) were men, and 65 (69.1%) had ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. The median serum thyrotropin level was 5.7 mU/L (interquartile range, 4.8-7.3 mU/L) and the mean (SD) free thyroxine level was 1.14 (0.16) ng/dL. The primary outcome measurements at 52 weeks were available in 85 patients (89.5%). The mean left ventricular ejection fraction at baseline and at 52 weeks was 51.3% and 53.8%, respectively, in the levothyroxine group compared with 54.0% and 56.1%, respectively, in the placebo group (adjusted difference in groups, 0.76% [95% CI, −0.93% to 2.46%]; P = .37). None of the 6 secondary outcomes showed a significant difference between the levothyroxine and placebo treatment groups. There were 15 (33.3%) and 18 (36.7%) cardiovascular adverse events in the levothyroxine and placebo groups, respectively.
Conclusions and Relevance: In this preliminary study involving patients with subclinical hypothyroidism and acute myocardial infarction, treatment with levothyroxine, compared with placebo, did not significantly improve left ventricular ejection fraction after 52 weeks. These findings do not support treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
Trial Registration: isrctn.org Identifier: http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN52505169
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Medicine and Health (Leeds) > School of Medicine (Leeds) > Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM) > Biomedical Imaging Science Dept (Leeds) The University of Leeds > Faculty of Medicine and Health (Leeds) > School of Medicine (Leeds) > Inst of Clinical Trials Research (LICTR) (Leeds) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 20 Aug 2020 14:49 |
Last Modified: | 20 Aug 2020 14:49 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | American Medical Association |
Identification Number: | 10.1001/jama.2020.9389 |
Related URLs: | |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:164637 |