Bradbeer, SJ orcid.org/0000-0002-6844-6194, Renals, T, Quinn, C orcid.org/0000-0002-2085-0446 et al. (4 more authors) (2021) The effectiveness of hot water pressurized spray in field conditions to slow the spread of invasive alien species. Management of Biological Invasions, 12 (1). pp. 125-147. ISSN 1989-8649
Abstract
An array of vectors have been identified that pose a risk of spreading invasive alien species (IAS), from personal protective equipment to large equipment such as vehicles and boats. Biosecurity practices that remove and/or kill IAS reduce the risk of accidental spread. The effectiveness of biosecurity protocols suitable for large equipment is little tested and requires development. One widely-used biosecurity method for large equipment is high-pressure hot water spray machines. This study tests the effectiveness of high-pressure hot water spray to induce mortality in two invasive aquatic plants: floating pennywort (Hydrocotyle ranunculoides) and Australian swamp-stonecrop (Crassula helmsii); and two invasive invertebrates: killer shrimp (Dikerogammarus villosus) and zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) in field conditions. IAS were exposed to hot water spray for a range of durations (5–15 seconds) and from a range of distances (10–30 cm). Further treatments of up to 90 seconds were applied to C. helmsii. Complete survival of D. polymorpha, D. villosus and C. helmsii was seen in all control treatments following exposure to cold water spray. Hot water spray caused complete mortality of D. polymorpha and D. villosus at 10 cm for 15 seconds, demonstrating the effectiveness of the hot water treatment in inducing mortality. However, treatments were less effective when applied at longer distances and shorter durations. In contrast, hot water spray was ineffective in causing mortality in C. helmsii, even at 90 seconds of exposure. Fragmentation and complete mortality was seen in H. ranunculoides following exposure to hot and cold water spray, therefore the pressure of the spray was associated with H. ranunculoides mortality. The use of hot water spray is effective against the aquatic invasive animals tested here, however to ensure complete mortality, the importance of both duration and distance of hot water spray application is highlighted. Hot water spray did cause complete mortality in H. ranunculoides but not in C. helmsii, therefore the need for treatment water containment and safe disposal is paramount to prevent spread of potentially viable propagules.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © Bradbeer et al. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) |
Keywords: | biosecurity, invasive non-native species, prevention, Dikerogammarus villosus, Dreissena polymorpha, Hydrocotyle ranunculoides, Crassula helmsii |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Biological Sciences (Leeds) > School of Biology (Leeds) The University of Leeds > Faculty of Environment (Leeds) > School of Earth and Environment (Leeds) > Sustainability Research Institute (SRI) (Leeds) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 04 Aug 2020 15:55 |
Last Modified: | 13 Apr 2021 15:13 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Regional Euro-Asian Biological Invasions Centre (REABIC) |
Identification Number: | 10.3391/mbi.2021.12.1.09 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:163813 |