Mustafa, BG, Zahari, R, Zeng, Y et al. (3 more authors) (2020) Pine Wood Crib Fires: Toxic Gas Emissions Using a 5m3 Compartment Fire. In: Makovicka Osvaldova, L, Markert, F and Zelinka, S, (eds.) Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Wood & Fire Safety 2020. 9th International Conference on Wood & Fire Safety 2020, 01-04 Nov 2020, Štrbské Pleso, Slovakia. , Cham, Switzerland , pp. 137-143. ISBN 978-3-030-41234-0
Abstract
Toxic emissions from pinewood crib fires were determined using heated FTIR gas analysis from a 5 m3 compartment fire with an air opening equivalent to 5% of the compartment cross-sectional area (V2/3) in the floor of the compartment and a vent in the ceiling layer, with the air inlet controlling the flow. A 20 mm square pine wood crib size of 400 × 400 × 260 mm was investigated. The crib was ignited using a small ethanol pool fire. The flaming fire had a peak HRR of 40 kW and average ceiling temperature of 400 °C. The fire was lean overall at the peak HRR and the fire self-extinguished through lack of air with subsequent smouldering combustion. In spite of the lean combustion in the fire, very high toxic emissions were determined with an FEC LC50 of >6. The peak toxicity occurred just before the fire self-extinguished and the key toxic emissions were CO and formaldehyde for deaths, while formaldehyde and acrolein were the most important for impairment of escape.
Metadata
Item Type: | Proceedings Paper |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Editors: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020. This is an author produced version of a conference paper published in Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Wood & Fire Safety 2020. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy. |
Keywords: | Toxicity; Compartment fires; FTIR |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Engineering & Physical Sciences (Leeds) > School of Chemical & Process Engineering (Leeds) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 11 May 2020 13:00 |
Last Modified: | 15 Mar 2021 01:38 |
Status: | Published |
Identification Number: | 10.1007/978-3-030-41235-7_21 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:160415 |