Crocker, J and Bartram, J orcid.org/0000-0002-6542-6315
(2016)
Interpreting the Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS) Findings on Sanitation, Hygiene, and Diarrhea.
PLOS Medicine, 13 (5).
e1002011.
ISSN 1549-1277
Abstract
Sanitation and hygiene are global concerns, as reflected in international development and human rights policy . The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) include target 6.2: to “achieve access to adequate and equitable sanitation and hygiene for all and end open defecation”. Globally, about 2.5 billion people do not use improved sanitation, of whom 1 billion defecate in the open. Fecal contamination of the environment and poor handwashing are responsible for an estimated 577,000 deaths annually. This is likely an underestimation: there is emerging evidence that poor sanitation and hygiene contribute to undernutrition and could be responsible for approximately half of all child stunting. Much of the health impact of inadequate sanitation and hygiene is attributed to diarrheal disease and its secondary effects. However, diarrhea is difficult to measure, and sanitation and hygiene are difficult to link to health outcomes.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2016 Crocker, Bartram. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Engineering & Physical Sciences (Leeds) > School of Civil Engineering (Leeds) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 24 Apr 2020 15:25 |
Last Modified: | 25 Jun 2023 22:13 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Public Library of Science |
Identification Number: | 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002011 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:159019 |