Rousham, E.K., Pradeilles, R., Akparibo, R. et al. (8 more authors) (2020) Dietary behaviours in the context of nutrition transition : a systematic review and meta-analyses in two African countries. Public Health Nutrition, 23 (11). pp. 1948-1964. ISSN 1368-9800
Abstract
Objective:
To synthesise evidence of urban dietary behaviours (macronutrients, types of foods, dietary diversity and dietary practices) in two African countries in relation to postulated changes in the context of nutrition transition.
Design:
Systematic review and meta-analyses, including six online databases and grey literature, 1971–2018 (Protocol CRD42017067718).
Setting:
Urban Ghana and Kenya.
Participants:
Population-based studies of healthy adolescents and adults.
Results:
The forty-seven included studies encompassed 20 726 individuals plus 6526 households. Macronutrients were within WHO-recommended ranges: mean energy intake was 1867 kcal/d (95 % CI 1764, 1969) and the proportions of macronutrients were carbohydrate 61·2 % (58·4, 64·0), fat 25·3 % (22·8, 28·0) and protein 13·7 % (12·3, 15·1). The proportion of population consuming fruit and vegetables was 51·6 %; unhealthy foods, 29·4 %; and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), 39·9 %. Two-thirds (68·8 %) consumed animal-source proteins. Dietary diversity scores were within the mid-range. Meal patterns were structured (typically three meals per day), with evidence lacking on snacking or eating out.
Conclusions:
Population-level diets fell within WHO macronutrient recommendations, were relatively diverse with structured meal patterns, but some indications of nutrition transition were apparent. The proportion of population consuming fruit and vegetables was low compared to healthy-eating recommendations, and consumption of SSBs was widespread. A paucity of evidence from 1971 to 2010 precluded a longitudinal analysis of nutrition transition. Evidence from these two countries indicates which aspects of dietary behaviours may be contributing to increasing overweight/obesity, namely a low proportion of population consuming fruit and vegetables and widespread consumption of SSBs. These are potential targets for promoting healthier diets.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2020 The Authors. Reproduced in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy. |
Keywords: | Dietary behaviours; Macronutrients; Food consumption; Dietary diversity; Dietary practices; Ghana; Kenya |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Sheffield |
Academic Units: | The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health (Sheffield) > School of Health and Related Research (Sheffield) > ScHARR - Sheffield Centre for Health and Related Research |
Funding Information: | Funder Grant number Medical Research Council MR/P025153/1 Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation OPP1110043 |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Sheffield |
Date Deposited: | 18 Mar 2020 09:12 |
Last Modified: | 03 Dec 2021 12:38 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Cambridge University Press (CUP) |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1017/s1368980019004014 |
Related URLs: | |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:158521 |