Turicchi, J orcid.org/0000-0003-1174-813X, O'Driscoll, R orcid.org/0000-0003-3995-0073, Finlayson, G orcid.org/0000-0002-5620-2256 et al. (8 more authors) (2020) Associations between the proportion of fat-free mass loss during weight loss, changes in appetite and subsequent weight change: results from a randomised 2-stage dietary intervention trial. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 111 (3). nqz331. pp. 536-544. ISSN 0002-9165
Abstract
Background
Dynamic changes in body composition which occur during weight loss may have an influential role on subsequent energy balance behaviors and weight.
Objectives
The aim of this article is to consider the effect of proportionate changes in body composition during weight loss on subsequent changes in appetite and weight outcomes at 26 wk in individuals engaged in a weight loss maintenance intervention.
Methods
A subgroup of the Diet, Obesity, and Genes (DiOGenes) study (n = 209) was recruited from 3 European countries. Participants underwent an 8-wk low-calorie diet (LCD) resulting in ≥8% body weight loss, during which changes in body composition (by DXA) and appetite (by visual analog scale appetite perceptions in response to a fixed test meal) were measured. Participants were randomly assigned into 5 weight loss maintenance diets based on protein and glycemic index content and followed up for 26 wk. We investigated associations between proportionate fat-free mass (FFM) loss (%FFML) during weight loss and 1) weight outcomes at 26 wk and 2) changes in appetite perceptions.
Results
During the LCD, participants lost a mean ± SD of 11.2 ± 3.5 kg, of which 30.4% was FFM. After adjustment, there was a tendency for %FFML to predict weight regain in the whole group (β: 0.041; 95% CI: −0.001, 0.08; P = 0.055), which was significant in men (β: 0.09; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.15; P = 0.009) but not women (β: 0.01; 95% CI: −0.04, 0.07; P = 0.69). Associations between %FFML and change in appetite perceptions during weight loss were inconsistent. The strongest observations were in men for hunger (r = 0.69, P = 0.002) and desire to eat (r = 0.61, P = 0.009), with some tendencies in the whole group and no associations in women.
Conclusions
Our results suggest that composition of weight loss may have functional importance for energy balance regulation, with greater losses of FFM potentially being associated with increased weight regain and appetite. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00390637.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © The Author(s) 2020. This is an author produced version of a journal article published in American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy. |
Keywords: | fat-free mass, fat mass, body composition, appetite, weight loss, weight regain, obesity, low-calorie diet, DiOGenes |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Environment (Leeds) > School of Food Science and Nutrition (Leeds) > FSN Nutrition and Public Health (Leeds) The University of Leeds > Faculty of Medicine and Health (Leeds) > School of Psychology (Leeds) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 17 Dec 2019 12:34 |
Last Modified: | 17 Jan 2021 01:38 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Oxford University Press |
Identification Number: | 10.1093/ajcn/nqz331 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:154645 |