The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment

Abstract

We describe the design and assembly of the LUX-ZEPLIN experiment, a direct detection search for cosmic WIMP dark matter particles. The centerpiece of the experiment is a large liquid xenon time projection chamber sensitive to low energy nuclear recoils. Rejection of backgrounds is enhanced by a Xe skin veto detector and by a liquid scintillator Outer Detector loaded with gadolinium for efficient neutron capture and tagging. LZ is located in the Davis Cavern at the 4850’ level of the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota, USA. We describe the major subsystems of the experiment and its key design features and requirements.

Metadata

Item Type:	Article
Authors/Creators:	Akerib, DS Akerlof, CW Akimov, DY Alquahtani, A Alsum, SK Anderson, TJ Angelides, N Araújo, HM Arbuckle, A Armstrong, JE Arthurs, M Auyeung, H Bai, X Bailey, AJ Balajthy, J Balashov, S Bang, J Barry, MJ Barthel, J Bauer, D Bauer, P Baxter, A Belle, J Beltrame, P Bensinger, J Benson, T Bernard, EP Bernstein, A Bhatti, A Biekert, A Biesiadzinski, TP Birrittella, B Boast, KE Bolozdynya, AI Boulton, EM Boxer, B Bramante, R Branson, S Brás, P Breidenbach, M Buckley, JH Bugaev, VV Bunker, R Burdin, S Busenitz, JK Campbell, JS Carels, C Carlsmith, DL Carlson, B Carmona-Benitez, MC Cascella, M Chan, C Cherwinka, JJ Chiller, AA Chiller, C Chott, NI Cole, A Coleman, J Colling, D Conley, RA Cottle, A Coughlen, R Craddock, WW Curran, D Currie, A Cutter, JE da Cunha, JP Dahl, CE Dardin, S Dasu, S Davis, J Davison, TJR de Viveiros, L Decheine, N Dobi, A Dobson, JEY Druszkiewicz, E Dushkin, A Edberg, TK Edwards, WR Edwards, BN Edwards, J Elnimr, MM Emmet, WT Eriksen, SR Faham, CH Fan, A Fayer, S Fiorucci, S Flaecher, H Fogarty Florang, IM Ford, P Francis, VB Froborg, F Fruth, T Gaitskell, RJ Gantos, NJ Garcia, D Geffre, A Gehman, VM Gelfand, R Genovesi, J Gerhard, RM Ghag, C Gibson, E Gilchriese, MGD Gokhale, S Gomber, B Gonda, TG Greenall, A Greenwood, S Gregerson, G van der Grinten, MGD Gwilliam, CB Hall, CR Hamilton, D Hans, S Hanzel, K Harrington, T Harrison, A Hasselkus, C Haselschwardt, SJ Hemer, D Hertel, SA Heise, J Hillbrand, S Hitchcock, O Hjemfelt, C Hoff, MD Holbrook, B Holtom, E Hor, JY-K Horn, M Huang, DQ Hurteau, TW Ignarra, CM Irving, MN Jacobsen, RG Jahangir, O Jeffery, SN Ji, W Johnson, M Johnson, J Johnson, P Jones, WG Kaboth, AC Kamaha, A Kamdin, K Kasey, V Kazkaz, K Keefner, J Khaitan, D Khaleeq, M Khazov, A Khromov, AV Khurana, I Kim, YD Kim, WT Kocher, CD Konovalov, AM Korley, L Korolkova, EV Koyuncu, M Kras, J Kraus, H Kravitz, SW Krebs, HJ Kreczko, L Krikler, B Kudryavtsev, VA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7018-5827 Kumpan, AV Kyre, S Lambert, AR Landerud, B Larsen, NA Laundrie, A Leason, EA Lee, HS Lee, J Lee, C Lenardo, BG Leonard, DS Leonard, R Lesko, KT Levy, C Li, J Liu, Y Liao, J Liao, F-T Lin, J Lindote, A Linehan, R Lippincott, WH Liu, R Liu, X Loniewski, C Lopes, MI López Paredes, B Lorenzon, W Lucero, D Luitz, S Lyle, JM Lynch, C Majewski, PA Makkinje, J Malling, DC Manalaysay, A Manenti, L Mannino, RL Marangou, N Markley, DJ MarrLaundrie, P Martin, TJ Marzioni, MF Maupin, C McConnell, CT McKinsey, DN McLaughlin, J Mei, D-M Meng, Y Miller, EH Minaker, ZJ Mizrachi, E Mock, J Molash, D Monte, A Monzani, ME Morad, JA Morrison, E Mount, BJ Murphy, ASJ Naim, D Naylor, A Nedlik, C Nehrkorn, C Nelson, HN Nesbit, J Neves, F Nikkel, JA Nikoleyczik, JA Nilima, A O’Dell, J Oh, H O’Neill, FG O’Sullivan, K Olcina, I Olevitch, MA Oliver-Mallory, KC Oxborough, L Pagac, A Pagenkopf, D Pal, S Palladino, KJ Palmaccio, VM Palmer, J Pangilinan, M Patton, SJ Pease, EK Penning, BP Pereira, G Pereira, C Peterson, IB Piepke, A Pierson, S Powell, S Preece, RM Pushkin, K Qie, Y Racine, M Ratcliff, BN Reichenbacher, J Reichhart, L Rhyne, CA Richards, A Riffard, Q Rischbieter, GRC Rodrigues, JP Rose, HJ Rosero, R Rossiter, P Rucinski, R Rutherford, G Rynders, D Saba, JS Sabarots, L Santone, D Sarychev, M Sazzad, ABMR Schnee, RW Schubnell, M Scovell, PR Severson, M Seymour, D Shaw, S Shutt, GW Shutt, TA Silk, JJ Silva, C Skarpaas, K Skulski, W Smith, AR Smith, RJ Smith, RE So, J Solmaz, M Solovov, VN Sorensen, P Sosnovtsev, VV Stancu, I Stark, MR Stephenson, S Stern, N Stevens, A Stiegler, TM Stifter, K Studley, R Sumner, TJ Sundarnath, K Sutcliffe, P Swanson, N Szydagis, M Tan, M Taylor, WC Taylor, R Taylor, DJ Temples, D Tennyson, BP Terman, PA Thomas, KJ Thomson, JA Tiedt, DR Timalsina, M To, WH Tomás, A Tope, TE Tripathi, M Tronstad, DR Tull, CE Turner, W Tvrznikova, L Utes, M Utku, U Uvarov, S Va’vra, J Vacheret, A Vaitkus, A Verbus, JR Vietanen, T Voirin, E Vuosalo, CO Walcott, S Waldron, WL Walker, K Wang, JJ Wang, R Wang, L Wang, Y Watson, JR Migneault, J Weatherly, S Webb, RC Wei, W-Z While, M White, RG White, JT White, DT Whitis, TJ Wisniewski, WJ Wilson, K Witherell, MS Wolfs, FLH Wolfs, JD Woodward, D Worm, SD Xiang, X Xiao, Q Xu, J Yeh, M Yin, J Young, I Zhang, C
Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information:	© 2019 Elsevier. This is an author produced version of a paper subsequently published in Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy. Article available under the terms of the CC-BY-NC-ND licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Keywords:	Dark matter detector; Liquid xenon; Time projection chamber; Underground
Dates:	Published: 11 February 2020 Published (online): 28 October 2019 Accepted: 24 October 2019
Institution:	The University of Sheffield
Academic Units:	The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Science (Sheffield) > Department of Physics and Astronomy (Sheffield)
Funding Information:	Funder Grant number Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) ST/K006444/1; ST/M003469/1; ST/N001141/1; ST/N000277/1; ST/P00573X/1
Depositing User:	Symplectic Sheffield
Date Deposited:	11 Dec 2019 12:45
Last Modified:	19 Oct 2021 08:08
Status:	Published
Publisher:	Elsevier
Refereed:	Yes
Identification Number:	10.1016/j.nima.2019.163047
Related URLs:	arXiv URL
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID):	oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:154526

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The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment

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