Maitland, Norman J orcid.org/0000-0003-1607-9035, Frame, Fiona M, Rane, Jayant K et al. (4 more authors) (2019) Resolution of Cellular Heterogeneity in Human Prostate Cancers:Implications for Diagnosis and Treatment. Advances in experimental medicine and biology. pp. 207-224. ISSN 0065-2598
Abstract
Prostate cancers have a justified reputation as one of the most heterogeneous human tumours. Indeed, there are some who consider that advanced and castration-resistant prostate cancers are incurable, as a direct result of this heterogeneity. However, tumour heterogeneity can be defined in different ways. To a clinician, prostate cancer is a number of different diseases, the treatments for which remain equally heterogeneous and uncertain. To the pathologist, the histopathological appearances of the tumours are notoriously heterogeneous. Indeed, the genius of Donald Gleason in the 1960s was to devise a classification system designed to take into account the heterogeneity of the tumours both individually and in the whole prostate context. To the cell biologist, a prostate tumour consists of multiple epithelial cell types, inter-mingled with various fibroblasts, neuroendocrine cells, endothelial cells, macrophages and lymphocytes, all of which interact to influence treatment responses in a patient-specific manner. Finally, genetic analyses of prostate cancers have been compromised by the variable gene rearrangements and paucity of activating mutations observed, even in large numbers of patient tumours with consistent clinical diagnoses and/or outcomes. Research into familial susceptibility has even generated the least tractable outcome of such studies: the genetic loci are of low penetrance and are of course heterogeneous. By fractionating the tumour (and patient-matched non-malignant tissues) heterogeneity can be resolved, revealing homogeneous markers of patient outcomes.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | This is an author-produced version of the published paper. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher’s self-archiving policy. Further copying may not be permitted; contact the publisher for details. |
Keywords: | Endothelial Cells/cytology,Genetic Heterogeneity,Humans,Male,Mutation,Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of York |
Academic Units: | The University of York > Faculty of Sciences (York) > Biology (York) > Yorkshire Cancer Research Unit (York) The University of York > Faculty of Sciences (York) > Biology (York) |
Depositing User: | Pure (York) |
Date Deposited: | 24 Oct 2019 13:20 |
Last Modified: | 05 Dec 2024 00:20 |
Published Version: | https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22254-3_16 |
Status: | Published online |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1007/978-3-030-22254-3_16 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:152626 |
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