Comparison of experimental and analytically predicted out-of-plane behavior of framed-masonry walls containing openings

During an earthquake, structures are loaded in both in-plane and out-of-plane direction. This paper investigates the behaviour of load-bearing frames with infill walls that contain openings. As when they are subjected to out-of-plane, inertial loads. In the experimental campaigns of like structures, it was found that even with openings, the beneficial arching-action was able to develop. However, its effectiveness was limited. Namely, the deformation capabilities in all cases were significantly lowered. Same can not be stated for the load-bearing capacities, as some researches found no reduction while others did. Additionally, this paper analyses the existing equations that can calculate the load-bearing capacity of such structures. Low correlations were found between the experimental and analytical capacities. Hence, further research endeavours should be addressed in order to gain a reliable analytical model.