Stjern, CW, Lund, MT, Samset, BH et al. (19 more authors) (2019) Arctic Amplification Response to Individual Climate Drivers. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 124 (13). pp. 6698-6717. ISSN 2169-897X
Abstract
The Arctic is experiencing rapid climate change in response to changes in greenhouse gases, aerosols, and other climate drivers. Emission changes in general, as well as geographical shifts in emissions and transport pathways of short‐lived climate forcers, make it necessary to understand the influence of each climate driver on the Arctic. In the Precipitation Driver Response Model Intercomparison Project, 10 global climate models perturbed five different climate drivers separately (CO₂, CH₄, the solar constant, black carbon, and SO₄). We show that the annual mean Arctic amplification (defined as the ratio between Arctic and the global mean temperature change) at the surface is similar between climate drivers, ranging from 1.9 (± an intermodel standard deviation of 0.4) for the solar to 2.3 (±0.6) for the SO₄ perturbations, with minimum amplification in the summer for all drivers. The vertical and seasonal temperature response patterns indicate that the Arctic is warmed through similar mechanisms for all climate drivers except black carbon. For all drivers, the precipitation change per degree global temperature change is positive in the Arctic, with a seasonality following that of the Arctic amplification. We find indications that SO₄ perturbations produce a slightly stronger precipitation response than the other drivers, particularly compared to CO₂.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | ©2019. The Authors. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial‐NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
Keywords: | Arctic amplification; greenhouse gases; aerosols; climate drivers; climate change |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Environment (Leeds) > School of Earth and Environment (Leeds) > Inst for Climate & Atmos Science (ICAS) (Leeds) |
Funding Information: | Funder Grant number NERC NE/N006038/1 |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 05 Jul 2019 09:29 |
Last Modified: | 14 Aug 2019 14:22 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | American Geophysical Union |
Identification Number: | 10.1029/2018JD029726 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:148181 |
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