DNA nanostructures: A versatile lab-bench for interrogating biological reactions

At its inception DNA nanotechnology was conceived as a tool for spatially arranging biological molecules in a pro- grammable and deterministic way to improve their interrogation. To date, DNA nanotechnology has provided a versatile toolset of nanostructures and functional devices to augment traditional single molecule investigation approaches – including atomic force microscopy – by isolating, arranging and contextualising biological systems at the single molecule level. This review explores the state-of-the-art of DNA-based nanoscale tools employed to enhance and tune the interrogation of biological reactions, the study of spatially distributed pathways, the visu- alisation of enzyme interactions, the application and detection of forces to biological systems, and biosensing platforms.