Morgado, E, Morgan, DJ, Castruccio, A et al. (6 more authors) (2019) Old magma and a new, intrusive trigger: using diffusion chronometry to understand the rapid-onset Calbuco eruption, April 2015 (Southern Chile). Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 174. 61. ISSN 0010-7999
Abstract
In April 2015, an unpredicted rapid-onset eruption occurred at Calbuco Volcano, Southern Andes of Chile. This event consisted of two, sub-Plinian eruptions separated by a few hours. By analysis of Fe–Ti exchange between ilmenite and titanomagnetite crystals in samples of erupted material, we determine timescales of pre-eruptive heating experienced at the partially solidified chamber base and constrain the magma residence time for the bulk of the carrier magma. Analysis of the Fe–Ti oxide pairs from a sample retrieved from a pyroclastic density current deposit (Cal-160) shows that it was affected by a significant heating event (recording 70–220 °C of heating), while other collected samples did not record this late heating. This sample is interpreted to represent a piece of crystal mush located at the bottom of a prolate, ellipsoidal mush reservoir, mobilised < 4 days before the eruption by a triggering pulse of mafic magma considerably hotter than the typical magmatic temperature of the reservoir. Another two fall deposit samples (lapillus, Cal-149Tb and Cal-155) of the eruption are interpreted to represent resident, eruptible magmas that did not interact with any magma recharge immediately prior to or during the eruption. We infer that these magmas had been at eruption temperature for some years based on their extensively equilibrated Fe–Ti oxides.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © The Author(s) 2019. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. |
Keywords: | Calbuco volcano; diffusion chronometry; Fe-Ti oxides; magmatic timescales; rapid-onset eruption |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Environment (Leeds) > School of Earth and Environment (Leeds) > Inst of Geophysics and Tectonics (IGT) (Leeds) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 20 Jun 2019 11:39 |
Last Modified: | 10 Nov 2021 16:04 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Springer Verlag |
Identification Number: | 10.1007/s00410-019-1596-0 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:147532 |
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