Reale, S., Hamilton, J., Akparibo, R. et al. (3 more authors) (2019) The effect of food type on the portion size effect in children aged 2- 12 years: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Appetite, 137. pp. 47-61. ISSN 0195-6663
Abstract
Visual cues such as plate size, amount of food served and packaging are known to influence the effects of portion size on food intake. Unit bias is a well characterised heuristic and helps to determine consumption norms. In an obesogenic environment where large portions are common place, the unit or segmentation bias may be overridden promoting overconsumption of both amorphous or unit foods. The aim of this review was to investigate the impact of offering unit or amorphous food on the portion size effect (PSE) in children aged 2 to 12 years.
A systematic search for literature was conducted in Medline, PsycInfo and Web of Science in February 2018. A total of 1197 papers were retrieved following the searches. Twenty-one papers were included in the systematic review, of which 15 provided requisite statistical information for inclusion in a random effects meta-analysis.
Increasing children’s food portion size by 51-100% led to a significant increase in intake (SMD=0.47, 95% CI: 0.39 – 0.55). There was no evidence to suggest that increases in consumption were related to food type (p= 0.33), child age (p=0.47) or initial portion size served (p=0.14). Residual heterogeneity was not significant (p=0.24).
The PSE was demonstrated in children aged 2 to 12 years when offered both unit and amorphous food items. The effect was not restricted by food type, child age or influenced by initial portion size served. Of the studies included in the meta-analysis between study heterogeneity was low suggesting minimal variation in treatment effects between studies, however, more research is required to understand the mechanisms of the PSE in preschool children. Future research should determine feasible methods to downsize portion sizes served to children.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2019 Elsevier. This is an author produced version of a paper subsequently published in Appetite. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy. Article available under the terms of the CC-BY-NC-ND licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) |
Keywords: | Portion size; Consumption; Systematic review; Meta-analysis; Unit; Amorphous; Children |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Sheffield |
Academic Units: | The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health (Sheffield) > School of Health and Related Research (Sheffield) > ScHARR - Sheffield Centre for Health and Related Research |
Funding Information: | Funder Grant number BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES RESEARCH COUNCIL (BBSRC) BB/M027384/1 |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Sheffield |
Date Deposited: | 11 Feb 2019 10:26 |
Last Modified: | 16 Feb 2020 01:38 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Elsevier |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1016/j.appet.2019.01.025 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:141697 |
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Filename: [2] Revised manuscript for Appetite_Jan 2019_Final_SR_SJC.pdf
Licence: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0