Cooper, R., Thiery, A., Fletcher, A.G. orcid.org/0000-0003-0525-4336 et al. (3 more authors) (2018) An ancient Turing-like patterning mechanism regulates skin denticle development in sharks. Science Advances, 4 (11). eaau5484. ISSN 2375-2548
Abstract
Vertebrates possess a vast array of epithelial appendages, including scales, feathers and hair. The developmental patterning of these diverse structures can be theoretically explained by Alan Turing’s reaction-diffusion (RD) system. However, the role of this system in epithelial appendage patterning of early diverging lineages (compared to tetrapods), such as the cartilaginous fishes, is poorly understood. We investigate patterning of the unique tooth-like skin denticles of sharks, which closely relates to their hydrodynamic and protective functions. We demonstrate through simulation models that a Turing-like mechanism can explain shark denticle patterning and verify this system using gene expression analysis and gene pathway inhibition experiments. This mechanism bears remarkable similarity to avian feather patterning, suggesting deep homology of the system. We propose that a diverse range of vertebrate appendages, from shark denticles to avian feathers and mammalian hair, utilize this ancient and conserved system, with slight genetic modulation accounting for broad variations in patterning.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
---|---|
Authors/Creators: |
|
Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2018 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution license, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Dates: |
|
Institution: | The University of Sheffield |
Academic Units: | The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Science (Sheffield) > School of Mathematics and Statistics (Sheffield) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Sheffield |
Date Deposited: | 25 Sep 2018 11:36 |
Last Modified: | 28 Nov 2018 15:17 |
Published Version: | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau5484 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | American Association for the Advancement of Science |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1126/sciadv.aau5484 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:136075 |